5-5-14. Instrument Departures
a. Pilot.
1. Prior to departure considers the type of terrain
and other obstructions on or in the vicinity of the
departure airport.
2. Determines if obstruction avoidance can be
maintained visually or that the departure procedure
should be followed.
3. Determines whether an obstacle departure
procedure (ODP) and/or DP is available for
obstruction avoidance. One option may be a Visual
Climb Over Airport (VCOA). Pilots must advise
ATC as early as possible of the intent to fly the VCOA
prior to departure.
4. At airports where IAPs have not been
published, hence no published departure procedure,
determines what action will be necessary and takes
such action that will assure a safe departure.
b. Controller.
1. At locations with airport traffic control
service, when necessary, specifies direction of
takeoff, turn, or initial heading to be flown after
takeoff, consistent with published departure procedures (DP) or diverse vector areas (DVA), where
applicable.
2. At locations without airport traffic control
service but within Class E surface area when
necessary to specify direction of takeoff, turn, or
initial heading to be flown, obtains pilot"s concurrence that the procedure will allow the pilot to comply
with local traffic patterns, terrain, and obstruction
avoidance.
3. When the initial heading will take the aircraft
off an assigned procedure (for example, an RNAV
SID with a published lateral path to a waypoint and
crossing restrictions from the departure end of
runway), the controller will assign an altitude to
maintain with the initial heading.
4. Includes established departure procedures as
part of the ATC clearance when pilot compliance is
necessary to ensure separation.

Pilot/Controller Roles and Responsibilities

5-5-15. Minimum Fuel Advisory
a. Pilot.
1. Advise ATC of your minimum fuel status
when your fuel supply has reached a state where,
upon reaching destination, you cannot accept any
undue delay.
2. Be aware this is not an emergency situation,
but merely an advisory that indicates an emergency
situation is possible should any undue delay occur.
3. On initial contact the term "minimum fuel"
should be used after stating call sign.
EXAMPLE-
Salt Lake Approach, United 621, "minimum fuel."

4. Be aware a minimum fuel advisory does not
imply a need for traffic priority.
5. If the remaining usable fuel supply suggests
the need for traffic priority to ensure a safe landing,
you should declare an emergency due to low fuel and
report fuel remaining in minutes.
REFERENCE-
Pilot/Controller Glossary Term- Fuel Remaining.

b. Controller.
1. When an aircraft declares a state of minimum
fuel, relay this information to the facility to whom
control jurisdiction is transferred.
2. Be alert for any occurrence which might
delay the aircraft.
5-5-16. RNAV and RNP Operations
a. Pilot.
1. If unable to comply with the requirements of
an RNAV or RNP procedure, pilots must advise air
traffic control as soon as possible. For example,
"N1234, failure of GPS system, unable RNAV,
request amended clearance."
2. Pilots are not authorized to fly a published
RNAV or RNP procedure (instrument approach,
departure, or arrival procedure) unless it is retrievable
by the procedure name from the current aircraft
navigation database and conforms to the charted
procedure. The system must be able to retrieve the
procedure by name from the aircraft navigation
database, not just as a manually entered series of
waypoints.
3. Whenever possible, RNAV routes (Q- or
T-route) should be extracted from the database in

5-5-7