17 

Federal Aviation Administration, DOT 

§ 1.1 

and efficient operation of the small un-
manned aircraft in the national air-
space system. 

Special VFR conditions 

mean meteoro-

logical conditions that are less than 
those required for basic VFR flight in 
controlled airspace and in which some 
aircraft are permitted flight under vis-
ual flight rules. 

Special VFR operations 

means aircraft 

operating in accordance with clear-
ances within controlled airspace in me-
teorological conditions less than the 
basic VFR weather minima. Such oper-
ations must be requested by the pilot 
and approved by ATC. 

Standard atmosphere 

means the at-

mosphere defined in U.S. Standard At-
mosphere, 1962 (Geopotential altitude 
tables). 

Stopway 

means an area beyond the 

takeoff runway, no less wide than the 
runway and centered upon the ex-
tended centerline of the runway, able 
to support the airplane during an 
aborted takeoff, without causing struc-
tural damage to the airplane, and des-
ignated by the airport authorities for 
use in decelerating the airplane during 
an aborted takeoff. 

Suitable RNAV system 

is an RNAV sys-

tem that meets the required perform-
ance established for a type of oper-
ation, e.g. IFR; and is suitable for oper-
ation over the route to be flown in 
terms of any performance criteria (in-
cluding accuracy) established by the 
air navigation service provider for cer-
tain routes (e.g. oceanic, ATS routes, 
and IAPs). An RNAV system’s suit-
ability is dependent upon the avail-
ability of ground and/or satellite navi-
gation aids that are needed to meet 
any route performance criteria that 
may be prescribed in route specifica-
tions to navigate the aircraft along the 
route to be flown. Information on suit-
able RNAV systems is published in 
FAA guidance material. 

Synthetic vision 

means a computer- 

generated image of the external scene 
topography from the perspective of the 
flight deck that is derived from air-
craft attitude, high-precision naviga-
tion solution, and database of terrain, 
obstacles and relevant cultural fea-
tures. 

Synthetic vision 

system means an 

electronic means to display a synthetic 

vision image of the external scene to-
pography to the flight crew. 

Takeoff power: 

(1) With respect to reciprocating en-

gines, means the brake horsepower 
that is developed under standard sea 
level conditions, and under the max-
imum conditions of crankshaft rota-
tional speed and engine manifold pres-
sure approved for the normal takeoff, 
and limited in continuous use to the 
period of time shown in the approved 
engine specification; and 

(2) With respect to turbine engines, 

means the brake horsepower that is de-
veloped under static conditions at a 
specified altitude and atmospheric 
temperature, and under the maximum 
conditions of rotor shaft rotational 
speed and gas temperature approved for 
the normal takeoff, and limited in con-
tinuous use to the period of time shown 
in the approved engine specification. 

Takeoff safety speed 

means a ref-

erenced airspeed obtained after lift-off 
at which the required one-engine-inop-
erative climb performance can be 
achieved. 

Takeoff thrust, 

with respect to tur-

bine engines, means the jet thrust that 
is developed under static conditions at 
a specific altitude and atmospheric 
temperature under the maximum con-
ditions of rotorshaft rotational speed 
and gas temperature approved for the 
normal takeoff, and limited in contin-
uous use to the period of time shown in 
the approved engine specification. 

Tandem wing configuration 

means a 

configuration having two wings of 
similar span, mounted in tandem. 

TCAS I 

means a TCAS that utilizes 

interrogations of, and replies from, air-
borne radar beacon transponders and 
provides traffic advisories to the pilot. 

TCAS II 

means a TCAS that utilizes 

interrogations of, and replies from air-
borne radar beacon transponders and 
provides traffic advisories and resolu-
tion advisories in the vertical plane. 

TCAS III 

means a TCAS that utilizes 

interrogation of, and replies from, air-
borne radar beacon transponders and 
provides traffic advisories and resolu-
tion advisories in the vertical and hori-
zontal planes to the pilot. 

Time in service, 

with respect to main-

tenance time records, means the time 
from the moment an aircraft leaves the 

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