spaschal on DSK3GDR082PROD with CFR Section 1.3 14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition) VLO means maximum landing gear operating speed. VLOF means lift-off speed. VMC means minimum control speed with the critical engine inoperative. VMO/MMO means maximum operating limit speed. VMU means minimum unstick speed. VNE means never-exceed speed. VNO means maximum structural cruising speed. VR means rotation speed. VREF means reference landing speed. VS means the stalling speed or the minimum steady flight speed at which the airplane is controllable. VS0 means the stalling speed or the minimum steady flight speed in the landing configuration. VS1 means the stalling speed or the minimum steady flight speed obtained in a specific configuration. VSR means reference stall speed. VSRO means reference stall speed in the landing configuration. VSR1 means reference stall speed in a specific configuration. VSW means speed at which onset of natural or artificial stall warning occurs. VTOSS means takeoff safety speed for Category A rotorcraft. VX means speed for best angle of climb. VY means speed for best rate of climb. V1 means the maximum speed in the takeoff at which the pilot must take the first action (e.g., apply brakes, reduce thrust, deploy speed brakes) to stop the airplane within the acceleratestop distance. V1 also means the minimum speed in the takeoff, following a failure of the critical engine at VEF, at which the pilot can continue the takeoff and achieve the required height above the takeoff surface within the takeoff distance. V2 means takeoff safety speed. V2min means minimum takeoff safety speed. VFR means visual flight rules. VGSI means visual glide slope indicator. VHF means very high frequency. VOR means very high frequency omnirange station. VORTAC means collocated VOR and TACAN. [Doc. No. 1150, 27 FR 4590, May 15, 1962] EDITORIAL NOTE: For FEDERAL REGISTER citations affecting Section 1.2, see the List of CFR Sections Affected, which appears in the Finding Aids section of the printed volume and at www.govinfo.gov. Section 1.3 Rules of construction. (a) In Subchapters A through K of this chapter, unless the context requires otherwise: (1) Words importing the singular include the plural; (2) Words importing the plural include the singular; and (3) Words importing the masculine gender include the feminine. (b) In Subchapters A through K of this chapter, the word: (1) Shall is used in an imperative sense; (2) May is used in a permissive sense to state authority or permission to do the act prescribed, and the words - no person may * * * - or - a person may not * * * - mean that no person is required, authorized, or permitted to do the act prescribed; and (3) Includes means - includes but is not limited to - . [Doc. No. 1150, 27 FR 4590, May 15, 1962, as amended by Amdt. 1-10, 31 FR 5055, Mar. 29, 1966] PART 3 - GENERAL REQUIREMENTS Sec. 3.1 Applicability. 3.5 Statements about products, parts, appliances and materials. AUTHORITY: 49 U.S.C. 106(g), 40113, 44701, and 44704. SOURCE: 70 FR 54832, Sept. 16, 2005, unless otherwise noted. Section 3.1 Applicability. (a) This part applies to any person who makes a record regarding: (1) A type-certificated product, or (2) A product, part, appliance or material that may be used on a type-certificated product. (b) Section 3.5(b) does not apply to records made under part 43 of this chapter. 20 VerDate Sep<11>2014 12:50 Apr 30, 2019 Jkt 247046 PO 00000 Frm 00030 Fmt 8010 Sfmt 8010 Y:\SGML\247046.XXX 247046