spaschal on DSK3GDR082PROD with CFR

Section 1.1

14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)

Unless otherwise stated, the critical altitude is the maximum altitude at
which it is possible to maintain, at the
maximum continuous rotational speed,
one of the following:
(1) The maximum continuous power,
in the case of engines for which this
power rating is the same at sea level
and at the rated altitude.
(2) The maximum continuous rated
manifold pressure, in the case of engines, the maximum continuous power
of which is governed by a constant
manifold pressure.
Critical engine means the engine
whose failure would most adversely affect the performance or handling qualities of an aircraft.
Decision altitude (DA) is a specified altitude in an instrument approach procedure at which the pilot must decide
whether to initiate an immediate
missed approach if the pilot does not
see the required visual reference, or to
continue the approach. Decision altitude is expressed in feet above mean
sea level.
Decision height (DH) is a specified
height above the ground in an instrument approach procedure at which the
pilot must decide whether to initiate
an immediate missed approach if the
pilot does not see the required visual
reference, or to continue the approach.
Decision height is expressed in feet
above ground level.
Early ETOPS means ETOPS type design approval obtained without gaining
non-ETOPS service experience on the
candidate airplane-engine combination
certified for ETOPS.
EFVS operation means an operation in
which visibility conditions require an
EFVS to be used in lieu of natural vision to perform an approach or landing,
determine enhanced flight visibility,
identify required visual references, or
conduct a rollout.
Enhanced flight visibility (EFV) means
the average forward horizontal distance, from the cockpit of an aircraft
in flight, at which prominent topographical objects may be clearly distinguished and identified by day or
night by a pilot using an enhanced
flight vision system.
Enhanced flight vision system (EFVS)
means an installed aircraft system
which uses an electronic means to pro-

vide a display of the forward external
scene topography (the natural or manmade features of a place or region especially in a way to show their relative
positions and elevation) through the
use of imaging sensors, including but
not limited to forward-looking infrared, millimeter wave radiometry, millimeter wave radar, or low-light level
image intensification. An EFVS includes the display element, sensors,
computers and power supplies, indications, and controls.
Equivalent airspeed means the calibrated airspeed of an aircraft corrected
for adiabatic compressible flow for the
particular altitude. Equivalent airspeed is equal to calibrated airspeed in
standard atmosphere at sea level.
ETOPS Significant System means an
airplane system, including the propulsion system, the failure or malfunctioning of which could adversely affect
the safety of an ETOPS flight, or the
continued safe flight and landing of an
airplane during an ETOPS diversion.
Each ETOPS significant system is either an ETOPS group 1 significant system or an ETOPS group 2 significant
system.
(1) An ETOPS group 1 Significant
System - 
(i) Has fail-safe characteristics directly linked to the degree of redundancy provided by the number of engines on the airplane.
(ii) Is a system, the failure or malfunction of which could result in an
IFSD, loss of thrust control, or other
power loss.
(iii) Contributes significantly to the
safety of an ETOPS diversion by providing additional redundancy for any
system power source lost as a result of
an inoperative engine.
(iv) Is essential for prolonged operation of an airplane at engine inoperative altitudes.
(2) An ETOPS group 2 significant system is an ETOPS significant system
that is not an ETOPS group 1 significant system.
Extended Operations (ETOPS) means
an airplane flight operation, other than
an all-cargo operation in an airplane
with more than two engines, during

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