189 

Federal Aviation Administration, DOT 

§ 23.2430 

certificate in accordance with a stand-
ard accepted by the FAA that contains 
airworthiness criteria the Adminis-
trator has found appropriate and appli-
cable to the specific design and in-
tended use of the engine or propeller 
and provides a level of safety accept-
able to the FAA. 

(c) The applicant must construct and 

arrange each powerplant installation 
to account for— 

(1) Likely operating conditions, in-

cluding foreign object threats; 

(2) Sufficient clearance of moving 

parts to other airplane parts and their 
surroundings; 

(3) Likely hazards in operation in-

cluding hazards to ground personnel; 
and 

(4) Vibration and fatigue. 
(d) Hazardous accumulations of 

fluids, vapors, or gases must be iso-
lated from the airplane and personnel 
compartments, and be safely contained 
or discharged. 

(e) Powerplant components must 

comply with their component limita-
tions and installation instructions or 
be shown not to create a hazard. 

§ 23.2405

Automatic power or thrust 

control systems. 

(a) An automatic power or thrust 

control system intended for in-flight 
use must be designed so no unsafe con-
dition will result during normal oper-
ation of the system. 

(b) Any single failure or likely com-

bination of failures of an automatic 
power or thrust control system must 
not prevent continued safe flight and 
landing of the airplane. 

(c) Inadvertent operation of an auto-

matic power or thrust control system 
by the flightcrew must be prevented, or 
if not prevented, must not result in an 
unsafe condition. 

(d) Unless the failure of an automatic 

power or thrust control system is ex-
tremely remote, the system must— 

(1) Provide a means for the flightcrew 

to verify the system is in an operating 
condition; 

(2) Provide a means for the flightcrew 

to override the automatic function; 
and 

(3) Prevent inadvertent deactivation 

of the system. 

§ 23.2410

Powerplant installation haz-

ard assessment. 

The applicant must assess each pow-

erplant separately and in relation to 
other airplane systems and installa-
tions to show that any hazard resulting 
from the likely failure of any power-
plant system, component, or accessory 
will not— 

(a) Prevent continued safe flight and 

landing or, if continued safe flight and 
landing cannot be ensured, the hazard 
has been minimized; 

(b) Cause serious injury that may be 

avoided; and 

(c) Require immediate action by any 

crewmember for continued operation of 
any remaining powerplant system. 

§ 23.2415

Powerplant ice protection. 

(a) The airplane design, including the 

induction and inlet system, must pre-
vent foreseeable accumulation of ice or 
snow that adversely affects powerplant 
operation. 

(b) The powerplant installation de-

sign must prevent any accumulation of 
ice or snow that adversely affects pow-
erplant operation, in those icing condi-
tions for which certification is re-
quested. 

§ 23.2420

Reversing systems. 

Each reversing system must be de-

signed so that— 

(a) No unsafe condition will result 

during normal operation of the system; 
and 

(b) The airplane is capable of contin-

ued safe flight and landing after any 
single failure, likely combination of 
failures, or malfunction of the revers-
ing system. 

§ 23.2425

Powerplant operational char-

acteristics. 

(a) The installed powerplant must op-

erate without any hazardous character-
istics during normal and emergency op-
eration within the range of operating 
limitations for the airplane and the en-
gine. 

(b) The pilot must have the capa-

bility to stop the powerplant in flight 
and restart the powerplant within an 
established operational envelope. 

§ 23.2430

Fuel systems. 

(a) Each fuel system must— 

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