Federal Aviation Administration, DOT Section 25.1399 Section 25.1403 Riding light. (a) Each riding (anchor) light required for a seaplane or amphibian must be installed so that it can - (1) Show a white light for at least 2 nautical miles at night under clear atmospheric conditions; and (2) Show the maximum unbroken light practicable when the airplane is moored or drifting on the water. (b) Externally hung lights may be used. Anticollision light system. t2 Ie = - t I(t)dt 1 0.2 + (t 2 - t 1 ) where: (a) General. The airplane must have an anticollision light system that - (1) Consists of one or more approved anticollision lights located so that their light will not impair the crew-s vision or detract from the conspicuity of the position lights; and (2) Meets the requirements of paragraphs (b) through (f) of this section. (b) Field of coverage. The system must consist of enough lights to illuminate the vital areas around the airplane considering the physical configuration and flight characteristics of the airplane. The field of coverage must extend in each direction within at least 75 degrees above and 75 degrees below the horizontal plane of the airplane, except that a solid angle or angles of obstructed visibility totaling not more than 0.03 steradians is allowable within a solid angle equal to 0.15 steradians centered about the longitudinal axis in the rearward direction. (c) Flashing characteristics. The arrangement of the system, that is, the number of light sources, beam width, speed of rotation, and other characteristics, must give an effective flash frequency of not less than 40, nor more than 100 cycles per minute. The effective flash frequency is the frequency at which the airplane-s complete anticollision light system is observed from a distance, and applies to each sector of light including any overlaps that exist when the system consists of more than one light source. In overlaps, flash frequencies may exceed 100, but not 180 cycles per minute. (d) Color. Each anticollision light must be either aviation red or aviation white and must meet the applicable requirements of Section 25.1397. Ie = effective intensity (candles). I(t) = instantaneous intensity as a function of time. t2 - t1 = flash time interval (seconds). Normally, the maximum value of effective intensity is obtained when t2 and t1 are chosen so that the effective intensity is equal to the instantaneous intensity at t2 and t1. (f) Minimum effective intensities for anticollision lights. Each anticollision light effective intensity must equal or exceed the applicable values in the following table. Angle above or below the horizontal plane Effective intensity (candles) 0Section to 5Section ................................................................ 5Section to 10Section .............................................................. 10Section to 20Section ............................................................ 20Section to 30Section ............................................................ 30Section to 75Section ............................................................ 400 240 80 40 20 [Doc. No. 5066, 29 FR 18291, Dec. 24, 1964, as amended by Amdt. 25-27, 36 FR 12972, July 10, 1971; Amdt. 25-41, 42 FR 36970, July 18, 1977] Section 25.1403 Wing icing detection lights. Unless operations at night in known or forecast icing conditions are prohibited by an operating limitation, a means must be provided for illuminating or otherwise determining the formation of ice on the parts of the wings that are critical from the standpoint of ice accumulation. Any illumination that is used must be of a type that will not cause glare or reflection that would handicap crewmembers in the performance of their duties. [Amdt. 25-38, 41 FR 55468, Dec. 20, 1976] 353 VerDate Sep<11>2014 12:50 Apr 30, 2019 Jkt 247046 PO 00000 Frm 00363 Fmt 8010 Sfmt 8010 Y:\SGML\247046.XXX 247046 EC28SE91.049 spaschal on DSK3GDR082PROD with CFR Section 25.1401 (e) Light intensity. The minimum light intensities in all vertical planes, measured with the red filter (if used) and expressed in terms of - effective - intensities, must meet the requirements of paragraph (f) of this section. The following relation must be assumed: