668 

14 CFR Ch. I (1–1–19 Edition) 

§ 29.1439 

system, and to prevent excessive pres-
sures resulting from any fluid volu-
metric change in lines likely to remain 
closed long enough for such a change to 
take place. The possibility of detri-
mental transient (surge) pressures dur-
ing operation must be considered. 

(5) Each hydraulic line, fitting, and 

component must be installed and sup-
ported to prevent excessive vibration 
and to withstand inertia loads. Each 
element of the installation must be 
protected from abrasion, corrosion, and 
mechanical damage. 

(6) Means for providing flexibility 

must be used to connect points, in a 
hydraulic fluid line, between which rel-
ative motion or differential vibration 
exists. 

(b) 

Tests. 

Each element of the system 

must be tested to a proof pressure of 1.5 
times the maximum pressure to which 
that element will be subjected in nor-
mal operation, without failure, mal-
function, or detrimental deformation 
of any part of the system. 

(c) 

Fire protection. 

Each hydraulic 

system using flammable hydraulic 
fluid must meet the applicable require-
ments of §§ 29.861, 29.1183, 29.1185, and 
29.1189. 

§ 29.1439

Protective breathing equip-

ment. 

(a) If one or more cargo or baggage 

compartments are to be accessible in 
flight, protective breathing equipment 
must be available for an appropriate 
crewmember. 

(b) For protective breathing equip-

ment required by paragraph (a) of this 
section or by any operating rule of this 
chapter— 

(1) That equipment must be designed 

to protect the crew from smoke, carbon 
dioxide, and other harmful gases while 
on flight deck duty; 

(2) That equipment must include— 
(i) Masks covering the eyes, nose, and 

mouth; or 

(ii) Masks covering the nose and 

mouth, plus accessory equipment to 
protect the eyes; and 

(3) That equipment must supply pro-

tective oxygen of 10 minutes duration 
per crewmember at a pressure altitude 
of 8,000 feet with a respiratory minute 
volume of 30 liters per minute BTPD. 

§ 29.1457

Cockpit voice recorders. 

(a) Each cockpit voice recorder re-

quired by the operating rules of this 
chapter must be approved, and must be 
installed so that it will record the fol-
lowing: 

(1) Voice communications trans-

mitted from or received in the rotor-
craft by radio. 

(2) Voice communications of flight 

crewmembers on the flight deck. 

(3) Voice communications of flight 

crewmembers on the flight deck, using 
the rotorcraft’s interphone system. 

(4) Voice or audio signals identifying 

navigation or approach aids introduced 
into a headset or speaker. 

(5) Voice communications of flight 

crewmembers using the passenger loud-
speaker system, if there is such a sys-
tem, and if the fourth channel is avail-
able in accordance with the require-
ments of paragraph (c)(4)(ii) of this sec-
tion. 

(6) If datalink communication equip-

ment is installed, all datalink commu-
nications, using an approved data mes-
sage set. Datalink messages must be 
recorded as the output signal from the 
communications unit that translates 
the signal into usable data. 

(b) The recording requirements of 

paragraph (a)(2) of this section may be 
met— 

(1) By installing a cockpit-mounted 

area microphone, located in the best 
position for recording voice commu-
nications originating at the first and 
second pilot stations and voice commu-
nications of other crewmembers on the 
flight deck when directed to those sta-
tions; or 

(2) By installing a continually ener-

gized or voice-actuated lip microphone 
at the first and second pilot stations. 

The microphone specified in this para-
graph must be so located and, if nec-
essary, the preamplifiers and filters of 
the recorder must be so adjusted or 
supplemented, that the recorded com-
munications are intelligible when re-
corded under flight cockpit noise con-
ditions and played back. The level of 
intelligibility must be approved by the 
Administrator. Repeated aural or vis-
ual playback of the record may be used 
in evaluating intelligibility. 

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