Section 34.60

14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)

calculating a  - characteristic level -  by
applying a set of statistical factors
that take into account the number of
engines tested. Round each characteristic level to the same number of
decimal places as the corresponding
emission standard. For turboprop engines, use the procedures specified for
turbofan engines, consistent with good
engineering judgment.
(b) Use a test fuel that meets the
specifications described in Appendix 4
of ICAO Annex 16. The test fuel must
not have additives whose purpose is to
suppress
smoke,
such
as
organometallic compounds.
(c) Prepare test engines by including
accessories that are available with production engines if they can reasonably
be expected to influence emissions. The
test engine may not extract shaft
power or bleed service air to provide
power to auxiliary gearbox-mounted
components required to drive aircraft
systems.

(d) Test engines must reach a steady
operating temperature before the start
of emission measurements.
(e) In consultation with the EPA, the
FAA may approve alternative procedures for measuring emissions, including testing and sampling methods, analytical techniques, and equipment
specifications that differ from those
specified in this part. Manufacturers
and operators may request approval of
alternative procedures by written request with supporting justification to
the FAA and to the Designated EPA
Program Officer. To be approved, one
of the following conditions must be
met:
(1) The engine cannot be tested using
the specified procedures; or
(2) The alternative procedure is
shown to be equivalent to, or more accurate or precise than, the specified
procedure.
(f) The following landing and takeoff
(LTO) cycles apply for emissions testing and for calculating weighted LTO
values:

LTO TEST CYCLES AND TIME IN MODE
Class
Mode

TP
TIM (min)

spaschal on DSK3GDR082PROD with CFR

Taxi/idle .................................................
Takeoff ..................................................
Climbout ................................................
Descent .................................................
Approach ...............................................

TF, T3, T8
% of rO

26.0
0.5
2.5
NA
4.5

TIM (min)

7
100
90
NA
30

(g) Engines comply with an applicable standard if the testing results show
that the engine type certificate family-s characteristic level does not exceed the numerical level of that standard, as described in the applicable appendix of Annex 16.
(h) The system and procedure for
sampling and measurement of gaseous
emissions shall be as specified by in
Appendices 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 to the International Civil Aviation Organization
(ICAO) Annex 16, Environmental Protection, Volume II, Aircraft Engine
Emissions, Third Edition, July 2008.
This incorporation by reference was approved by the Director of the Federal
Register in accordance with 5 U.S.C.
552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. This docu-

26.0
0.7
2.2
NA
4.0

TSS

% of rO

TIM (min)

7
100
85
NA
30

26.0
1.2
2.0
1.2
2.3

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ment can be obtained from the ICAO,
Document Sales Unit, 999 University
Street, Montreal, Quebec H3C 5H7, Canada, phone + 1 514-954-8022, or
www.icao.int or sales25icao.int. Copies
can be reviewed at the FAA New England Regional Office, 12 New England
Executive Park, Burlington, Massachusetts, 781-238-7101, or at the National
Archives and Records Administration
(NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call
202-741-6030,
or
go
to:
http://
www.archives.gov/federallregister/
codeloflfederallregulations/
ibrllocations.html.
[Doc. No. FAA-2012-1333, 77 FR 76853, Dec. 31,
2012, as amended by Doc. No. FAA-2018-0119,
Amdt. 34-6, 83 FR 9170, Mar. 5, 2018]

754

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