184 

14 CFR Ch. I (1–1–19 Edition) 

Pt. 60, App. A 

FSTD’s fidelity level during the maneuver. 
The cross-plot or other alternative method 
must display the relevant validity regions 
for flaps up and flaps down at a minimum. 
This validation envelope must be derived 
by the aerodynamic data provider or de-
rived using information and data sources 
provided by the original aerodynamic data 
provider. 

b. Flight Control Inputs: The FSTD must 

employ a method for the instructor/eval-
uator to assess the trainee’s flight control 
inputs during the upset recovery maneu-
ver. Additional parameters, such as cock-
pit control forces (forces applied by the 
pilot to the controls) and the flight control 
law mode for fly-by-wire aircraft, must be 
portrayed in this feedback mechanism as 
well. For passive sidesticks, whose dis-
placement is the flight control input, the 
force applied by the pilot to the controls 
does not need to be displayed. This tool 
must include a time history or other equiv-
alent method of recording flight control 
positions. 

c. Aircraft Operational Limits: The FSTD 

must employ a method to provide the in-
structor/evaluator with real-time informa-
tion concerning the aircraft operating lim-
its. The simulated aircraft’s parameters 
must be displayed dynamically in real- 

time and also provided in a time history or 
equivalent format. At a minimum, the fol-
lowing parameters must be available to the 
instructor: 

i. Airspeed and airspeed limits, including the 

stall speed and maximum operating limit 
airspeed (Vmo/Mmo); 

ii. Load factor and operational load factor 

limits; and 

iii. Angle of attack and the stall identifica-

tion angle of attack. See section A, para-
graph 4.b. of this attachment for additional 
information concerning the definition of 
the stall identification angle of attack. 
This parameter may be displayed in con-
junction with the FSTD validation enve-
lope. 

E

ND

QPS R

EQUIREMENTS

 

B

EGIN

I

NFORMATION

 

An example FSTD ‘‘alpha/beta’’ envelope 

display and IOS feedback mechanism are 
shown below in Figure 1 and Figure 2. The 
following examples are provided as guidance 
material on one possible method to display 
the required UPRT feedback parameters on 
an IOS display. FSTD sponsors may develop 
other methods and feedback mechanisms 
that provide the required parameters and 
support the training program objectives. 

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