327 

Federal Aviation Administration, DOT 

Pt. 60, App. C 

T

ABLE

C1A—M

INIMUM

S

IMULATOR

R

EQUIREMENTS

—Continued 

Entry No. 

QPS requirements 

Simulator levels 

Information 

General simulator requirements 

B 

C 

D 

Notes 

1.a. ...........

The simulator must have a flight deck that is a 

replica of the helicopter being simulated.

The simulator must have controls, equipment, 

observable flight deck indicators, circuit 
breakers, and bulkheads properly located, 
functionally accurate and replicating the heli-
copter. The direction of movement of con-
trols and switches must be identical to that 
in the helicopter. Pilot seats must afford the 
capability for the occupant to be able to 
achieve the design ‘‘eye position’’ estab-
lished for the helicopter being simulated. 
Equipment for the operation of the flight 
deck windows must be included, but the ac-
tual windows need not be operable. Fire 
axes, extinguishers, and spare light bulbs 
must be available in the FFS but may be re-
located to a suitable location as near as 
practical to the original position. Fire axes, 
landing gear pins, and any similar purpose 
instruments need only be represented in sil-
houette.

X 

X 

X 

For simulator purposes, the flight deck con-

sists of all that space forward of a cross 
section of the fuselage at the most extreme 
aft setting of the pilots’ seats including addi-
tional, required flight crewmember duty sta-
tions and those required bulkheads aft of 
the pilot seats. For clarification, bulkheads 
containing only items such as landing gear 
pin storage compartments, fire axes and ex-
tinguishers, spare light bulbs, and aircraft 
documents pouches are not considered es-
sential and may be omitted. 

1.b. ...........

Those circuit breakers that affect procedures 

or result in observable flight deck indications 
must be properly located and functionally 
accurate.

X X X 

2.

..............

Programming 

2.a. ...........

A flight dynamics model that accounts for var-

ious combinations of air speed and power 
normally encountered in flight must cor-
respond to actual flight conditions, including 
the effect of change in helicopter attitude, 
aerodynamic and propulsive forces and mo-
ments, altitude, temperature, mass, center 
of gravity location, and configuration.

An SOC is required 

X X X 

2.b. ...........

The simulator must have the computer capac-

ity, accuracy, resolution, and dynamic re-
sponse needed to meet the qualification 
level sought.

An SOC is required 

X X X 

2.c. ...........

Ground handling (where appropriate) and aer-

odynamic programming must include the fol-
lowing:.

2.c.1. ........

Ground effect ....................................................
Level B does not require hover programming 
An SOC is required 

X 

X 

X 

Applicable areas include flare and touch down 

from a running landing as well as for in- 
ground-effect (IGE) hover. A reasonable 
simulation of ground effect includes mod-
eling of lift, drag, pitching moment, trim, and 
power while in ground effect. 

2.c.2. ........

Ground reaction ................................................
Level B does not require hover programming 
An SOC is required 

X 

X 

X 

Reaction of the helicopter upon contact with 

the landing surface during landing (e.g., 
strut deflection, tire or skid friction, side 
forces) may differ with changes in gross 
weight, airspeed, rate of descent on touch-
down, and slide slip. 

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