610 

14 CFR Ch. I (1–1–19 Edition) 

§ 61.189 

(xiv) Multiengine operations; and 
(xv) Postflight procedures. 
(3) For a rotorcraft category rating 

with a helicopter class rating: 

(i) Fundamentals of instructing; 
(ii) Technical subject areas; 
(iii) Preflight preparation; 
(iv) Preflight lesson on a maneuver 

to be performed in flight; 

(v) Preflight procedures; 
(vi) Airport and heliport operations; 
(vii) Hovering maneuvers; 
(viii) Takeoffs, landings, and go- 

arounds; 

(ix) Fundamentals of flight; 
(x) Performance maneuvers; 
(xi) Emergency operations; 
(xii) Special operations; and 
(xiii) Postflight procedures. 
(4) For a rotorcraft category rating 

with a gyroplane class rating: 

(i) Fundamentals of instructing; 
(ii) Technical subject areas; 
(iii) Preflight preparation; 
(iv) Preflight lesson on a maneuver 

to be performed in flight; 

(v) Preflight procedures; 
(vi) Airport operations; 
(vii) Takeoffs, landings, and go- 

arounds; 

(viii) Fundamentals of flight; 
(ix) Performance maneuvers; 
(x) Flight at slow airspeeds; 
(xi) Ground reference maneuvers; 
(xii) Emergency operations; and 
(xiii) Postflight procedures. 
(5) For a powered-lift category rat-

ing: 

(i) Fundamentals of instructing; 
(ii) Technical subject areas; 
(iii) Preflight preparation; 
(iv) Preflight lesson on a maneuver 

to be performed in flight; 

(v) Preflight procedures; 
(vi) Airport and heliport operations; 
(vii) Hovering maneuvers; 
(viii) Takeoffs, landings, and go- 

arounds; 

(ix) Fundamentals of flight; 
(x) Performance maneuvers; 
(xi) Ground reference maneuvers; 
(xii) Slow flight and stalls; 
(xiii) Basic instrument maneuvers; 
(xiv) Emergency operations; 
(xv) Special operations; and 
(xvi) Postflight procedures. 
(6) For a glider category rating: 
(i) Fundamentals of instructing; 
(ii) Technical subject areas; 

(iii) Preflight preparation; 
(iv) Preflight lesson on a maneuver 

to be performed in flight; 

(v) Preflight procedures; 
(vi) Airport and gliderport oper-

ations; 

(vii) Launches and landings; 
(viii) Fundamentals of flight; 
(ix) Performance speeds; 
(x) Soaring techniques; 
(xi) Performance maneuvers; 
(xii) Slow flight, stalls, and spins; 
(xiii) Emergency operations; and 
(xiv) Postflight procedures. 
(7) For an instrument rating with the 

appropriate aircraft category and class 
rating: 

(i) Fundamentals of instructing; 
(ii) Technical subject areas; 
(iii) Preflight preparation; 
(iv) Preflight lesson on a maneuver 

to be performed in flight; 

(v) Air traffic control clearances and 

procedures; 

(vi) Flight by reference to instru-

ments; 

(vii) Navigation aids; 
(viii) Instrument approach proce-

dures; 

(ix) Emergency operations; and 
(x) Postflight procedures. 
(c) The flight training required by 

this section may be accomplished: 

(1) In an aircraft that is representa-

tive of the category and class of air-
craft for the rating sought; or 

(2) In a flight simulator or flight 

training device representative of the 
category and class of aircraft for the 
rating sought, and used in accordance 
with an approved course at a training 
center certificated under part 142 of 
this chapter. 

[Doc. No. 25910, 62 FR 16298, Apr. 4, 1997; 
Amdt. 61–103, 62 FR 40907, July 30, 1997; 
Amdt. 61–124, 74 FR 42561, Aug. 21, 2009] 

§ 61.189

Flight instructor records. 

(a) A flight instructor must sign the 

logbook of each person to whom that 
instructor has given flight training or 
ground training. 

(b) A flight instructor must maintain 

a record in a logbook or a separate doc-
ument that contains the following: 

(1) The name of each person whose 

logbook that instructor has endorsed 
for solo flight privileges, and the date 
of the endorsement; and 

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