611 

Federal Aviation Administration, DOT 

§ 61.195 

(2) The name of each person that in-

structor has endorsed for a knowledge 
test or practical test, and the record 
shall also indicate the kind of test, the 
date, and the results. 

(c) Each flight instructor must retain 

the records required by this section for 
at least 3 years. 

[Docket No. 25910, 62 FR 16298, Apr. 4, 1997, as 
amended by Docket FAA–2010–1127, Amdt. 61– 
135, 81 FR 1306, Jan. 12, 2016] 

§ 61.191

Additional flight instructor 

ratings. 

(a) A person who applies for an addi-

tional flight instructor rating on a 
flight instructor certificate must meet 
the eligibility requirements listed in 
§ 61.183 of this part that apply to the 
flight instructor rating sought. 

(b) A person who applies for an addi-

tional rating on a flight instructor cer-
tificate is not required to pass the 
knowledge test on the areas listed in 
§ 61.185(a)(1) of this part. 

[Doc. No. 25910, 62 FR 16298, Apr. 4, 1997; 
Amdt. 61–103, 62 FR 40907, July 30, 1997] 

§ 61.193

Flight instructor privileges. 

(a) A person who holds a flight in-

structor certificate is authorized with-
in the limitations of that person’s 
flight instructor certificate and ratings 
to train and issue endorsements that 
are required for: 

(1) A student pilot certificate; 
(2) A pilot certificate; 
(3) A flight instructor certificate; 
(4) A ground instructor certificate; 
(5) An aircraft rating; 
(6) An instrument rating; 
(7) A flight review, operating privi-

lege, or recency of experience require-
ment of this part; 

(8) A practical test; and 
(9) A knowledge test. 
(b) A person who holds a flight in-

structor certificate is authorized, in a 
form and manner acceptable to the Ad-
ministrator, to: 

(1) Accept an application for a stu-

dent pilot certificate or, for an appli-
cant who holds a pilot certificate 
(other than a student pilot certificate) 
issued under part 61 of this chapter and 
meets the flight review requirements 
specified in § 61.56, a remote pilot cer-
tificate with a small UAS rating; 

(2) Verify the identity of the appli-

cant; and 

(3) Verify that an applicant for a stu-

dent pilot certificate meets the eligi-
bility requirements in § 61.83 or an ap-
plicant for a remote pilot certificate 
with a small UAS rating meets the eli-
gibility requirements in § 107.61 of this 
chapter. 

[Docket FAA–2010–1127, Amdt. 61–135, 81 FR 
1306, Jan. 12, 2016, as amended by Docket 
FAA–2015–0150, Amdt. 61–137, 81 FR 42208, 
June 28, 2016] 

§ 61.195

Flight instructor limitations 

and qualifications. 

A person who holds a flight instruc-

tor certificate is subject to the fol-
lowing limitations: 

(a) 

Hours of training. 

In any 24-con-

secutive-hour period, a flight instruc-
tor may not conduct more than 8 hours 
of flight training. 

(b) 

Aircraft ratings. 

Except as pro-

vided in paragraph (c) of this section, a 
flight instructor may not conduct 
flight training in any aircraft unless 
the flight instructor: 

(1) Holds a flight instructor certifi-

cate with the applicable category and 
class rating; 

(2) Holds a pilot certificate with the 

applicable category and class rating; 
and 

(3) Meets the requirements of para-

graph (e) of this section, if applicable. 

(c) 

Instrument rating. 

A flight instruc-

tor may conduct instrument training 
for the issuance of an instrument rat-
ing, a type rating not limited to VFR, 
or the instrument training required for 
commercial pilot and airline transport 
pilot certificates if the following re-
quirements are met: 

(1) Except as provided in paragraph 

(c)(2) of this section, the flight instruc-
tor must hold an instrument rating ap-
propriate to the aircraft used for the 
instrument training on his or her flight 
instructor certificate, and— 

(i) Meet the requirements of para-

graph (b) of this section; or 

(ii) Hold a commercial pilot certifi-

cate or airline transport pilot certifi-
cate with the appropriate category and 
class ratings for the aircraft in which 
the instrument training is conducted 
provided the pilot receiving instrument 
training holds a pilot certificate with 

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