539 

Federal Aviation Administration, DOT 

§ 61.57 

(2) Unless the flight review is under-

taken in a flight simulator that is ap-
proved for landings, the applicant must 
meet the takeoff and landing require-
ments of § 61.57(a) or § 61.57(b) of this 
part. 

(3) The flight simulator or flight 

training device used must represent an 
aircraft or set of aircraft for which the 
pilot is rated. 

[Doc. No. 25910, 62 FR 16298, Apr. 4, 1997; 
Amdt. 61–103, 62 FR 40898, July 30, 1997; 
Amdt. 61–104, 63 FR 20287, Apr. 23, 1998; Amdt. 
61–124, 74 FR 42550, Aug. 21, 2009; Amdt. 61– 
131, 78 FR 56828, Sept. 16, 2013] 

§ 61.57

Recent flight experience: Pilot 

in command. 

(a) 

General experience. 

(1) Except as 

provided in paragraph (e) of this sec-
tion, no person may act as a pilot in 
command of an aircraft carrying pas-
sengers or of an aircraft certificated 
for more than one pilot flight crew-
member unless that person has made at 
least three takeoffs and three landings 
within the preceding 90 days, and— 

(i) The person acted as the sole ma-

nipulator of the flight controls; and 

(ii) The required takeoffs and land-

ings were performed in an aircraft of 
the same category, class, and type (if a 
type rating is required), and, if the air-
craft to be flown is an airplane with a 
tailwheel, the takeoffs and landings 
must have been made to a full stop in 
an airplane with a tailwheel. 

(2) For the purpose of meeting the re-

quirements of paragraph (a)(1) of this 
section, a person may act as a pilot in 
command of an aircraft under day VFR 
or day IFR, provided no persons or 
property are carried on board the air-
craft, other than those necessary for 
the conduct of the flight. 

(3) The takeoffs and landings re-

quired by paragraph (a)(1) of this sec-
tion may be accomplished in a full 
flight simulator or flight training de-
vice that is— 

(i) Approved by the Administrator for 

landings; and 

(ii) Used in accordance with an ap-

proved course conducted by a training 
center certificated under part 142 of 
this chapter. 

(b) 

Night takeoff and landing experi-

ence. 

(1) Except as provided in para-

graph (e) of this section, no person may 

act as pilot in command of an aircraft 
carrying passengers during the period 
beginning 1 hour after sunset and end-
ing 1 hour before sunrise, unless within 
the preceding 90 days that person has 
made at least three takeoffs and three 
landings to a full stop during the pe-
riod beginning 1 hour after sunset and 
ending 1 hour before sunrise, and— 

(i) That person acted as sole manipu-

lator of the flight controls; and 

(ii) The required takeoffs and land-

ings were performed in an aircraft of 
the same category, class, and type (if a 
type rating is required). 

(2) The takeoffs and landings re-

quired by paragraph (b)(1) of this sec-
tion may be accomplished in a full 
flight simulator that is— 

(i) Approved by the Administrator for 

takeoffs and landings, if the visual sys-
tem is adjusted to represent the period 
described in paragraph (b)(1) of this 
section; and 

(ii) Used in accordance with an ap-

proved course conducted by a training 
center certificated under part 142 of 
this chapter. 

(c) 

Instrument experience. 

Except as 

provided in paragraph (e) of this sec-
tion, a person may act as pilot in com-
mand under IFR or weather conditions 
less than the minimums prescribed for 
VFR only if: 

(1) 

Use of an airplane, powered-lift, hel-

icopter, or airship for maintaining instru-
ment experience. 

Within the 6 calendar 

months preceding the month of the 
flight, that person performed and 
logged at least the following tasks and 
iterations in an airplane, powered-lift, 
helicopter, or airship, as appropriate, 
for the instrument rating privileges to 
be maintained in actual weather condi-
tions, or under simulated conditions 
using a view-limiting device that in-
volves having performed the fol-
lowing— 

(i) Six instrument approaches. 
(ii) Holding procedures and tasks. 
(iii) Intercepting and tracking 

courses through the use of navigational 
electronic systems. 

(2) 

Use of a full flight simulator, flight 

training device, or aviation training de-
vice for maintaining instrument experi-
ence. 

A pilot may accomplish the re-

quirements in paragraph (c)(1) of this 
section in a full flight simulator, flight 

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