Section 61.1

14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)

Subpart A - General

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Section 61.1

Applicability and definitions.

(a) Except as provided in part 107 of
this chapter, this part prescribes:
(1) The requirements for issuing
pilot, flight instructor, and ground instructor certificates and ratings; the
conditions under which those certificates and ratings are necessary; and
the privileges and limitations of those
certificates and ratings.
(2) The requirements for issuing
pilot, flight instructor, and ground instructor authorizations; the conditions
under which those authorizations are
necessary; and the privileges and limitations of those authorizations.
(3) The requirements for issuing
pilot, flight instructor, and ground instructor certificates and ratings for
persons who have taken courses approved by the Administrator under
other parts of this chapter.
(b) For the purpose of this part:
Accredited has the same meaning as
defined by the Department of Education in 34 CFR 600.2.
Aeronautical experience means pilot
time obtained in an aircraft, flight
simulator, or flight training device for
meeting the appropriate training and
flight time requirements for an airman
certificate, rating, flight review, or
recency of flight experience requirements of this part.
Authorized instructor means - 
(i) A person who holds a ground instructor certificate issued under part
61 of this chapter and is in compliance
with Section 61.217, when conducting ground
training in accordance with the privileges and limitations of his or her
ground instructor certificate;
(ii) A person who holds a flight instructor certificate issued under part
61 of this chapter and is in compliance
with Section 61.197, when conducting ground
training or flight training in accordance with the privileges and limitations of his or her flight instructor certificate; or
(iii) A person authorized by the Administrator to provide ground training
or flight training under part 61, 121, 135,
or 142 of this chapter when conducting
ground training or flight training in
accordance with that authority.

Aviation training device means a training device, other than a full flight simulator or flight training device, that
has been evaluated, qualified, and approved by the Administrator.
Complex airplane means an airplane
that has a retractable landing gear,
flaps, and a controllable pitch propeller, including airplanes equipped
with an engine control system consisting of a digital computer and associated accessories for controlling the
engine and propeller, such as a full authority digital engine control; or, in
the case of a seaplane, flaps and a controllable pitch propeller, including seaplanes equipped with an engine control
system consisting of a digital computer
and associated accessories for controlling the engine and propeller, such as a
full authority digital engine control.
Cross-country time means - 
(i) Except as provided in paragraphs
(ii) through (vi) of this definition, time
acquired during flight - 
(A) Conducted by a person who holds
a pilot certificate;
(B) Conducted in an aircraft;
(C) That includes a landing at a point
other than the point of departure; and
(D) That involves the use of dead
reckoning, pilotage, electronic navigation aids, radio aids, or other navigation systems to navigate to the landing
point.
(ii) For the purpose of meeting the
aeronautical experience requirements
(except for a rotorcraft category rating), for a private pilot certificate (except for a powered parachute category
rating), a commercial pilot certificate,
or an instrument rating, or for the purpose of exercising recreational pilot
privileges (except in a rotorcraft)
under Section 61.101 (c), time acquired during
a flight - 
(A) Conducted in an appropriate aircraft;
(B) That includes a point of landing
that was at least a straight-line distance of more than 50 nautical miles
from the original point of departure;
and
(C) That involves the use of dead
reckoning, pilotage, electronic navigation aids, radio aids, or other navigation systems to navigate to the landing
point.

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