580 

14 CFR Ch. I (1–1–19 Edition) 

§ 61.107 

procurement and use of aeronautical 
weather reports and forecasts; 

(7) Safe and efficient operation of air-

craft, including collision avoidance, 
and recognition and avoidance of wake 
turbulence; 

(8) Effects of density altitude on 

takeoff and climb performance; 

(9) Weight and balance computations; 
(10) Principles of aerodynamics, pow-

erplants, and aircraft systems; 

(11) Stall awareness, spin entry, 

spins, and spin recovery techniques for 
the airplane and glider category rat-
ings; 

(12) Aeronautical decision making 

and judgment; and 

(13) Preflight action that includes— 
(i) How to obtain information on run-

way lengths at airports of intended 
use, data on takeoff and landing dis-
tances, weather reports and forecasts, 
and fuel requirements; and 

(ii) How to plan for alternatives if 

the planned flight cannot be completed 
or delays are encountered. 

[Doc. No. 25910, 62 FR 16298, Apr. 4, 1997; 
Amdt. 61–103, 62 FR 40902, July 30, 1997] 

§ 61.107

Flight proficiency. 

(a) 

General. 

A person who applies for 

a private pilot certificate must receive 
and log ground and flight training from 
an authorized instructor on the areas 
of operation of this section that apply 
to the aircraft category and class rat-
ing sought. 

(b) 

Areas of operation. 

(1) For an air-

plane category rating with a single-en-
gine class rating: 

(i) Preflight preparation; 
(ii) Preflight procedures; 
(iii) Airport and seaplane base oper-

ations; 

(iv) Takeoffs, landings, and go- 

arounds; 

(v) Performance maneuvers; 
(vi) Ground reference maneuvers; 
(vii) Navigation; 
(viii) Slow flight and stalls; 
(ix) Basic instrument maneuvers; 
(x) Emergency operations; 
(xi) Night operations, except as pro-

vided in § 61.110 of this part; and 

(xii) Postflight procedures. 
(2) For an airplane category rating 

with a multiengine class rating: 

(i) Preflight preparation; 
(ii) Preflight procedures; 

(iii) Airport and seaplane base oper-

ations; 

(iv) Takeoffs, landings, and go- 

arounds; 

(v) Performance maneuvers; 
(vi) Ground reference maneuvers; 
(vii) Navigation; 
(viii) Slow flight and stalls; 
(ix) Basic instrument maneuvers; 
(x) Emergency operations; 
(xi) Multiengine operations; 
(xii) Night operations, except as pro-

vided in § 61.110 of this part; and 

(xiii) Postflight procedures. 
(3) For a rotorcraft category rating 

with a helicopter class rating: 

(i) Preflight preparation; 
(ii) Preflight procedures; 
(iii) Airport and heliport operations; 
(iv) Hovering maneuvers; 
(v) Takeoffs, landings, and go- 

arounds; 

(vi) Performance maneuvers; 
(vii) Navigation; 
(viii) Emergency operations; 
(ix) Night operations, except as pro-

vided in § 61.110 of this part; and 

(x) Postflight procedures. 
(4) For a rotorcraft category rating 

with a gyroplane class rating: 

(i) Preflight preparation; 
(ii) Preflight procedures; 
(iii) Airport operations; 
(iv) Takeoffs, landings, and go- 

arounds; 

(v) Performance maneuvers; 
(vi) Ground reference maneuvers; 
(vii) Navigation; 
(viii) Flight at slow airspeeds; 
(ix) Emergency operations; 
(x) Night operations, except as pro-

vided in § 61.110 of this part; and 

(xi) Postflight procedures. 
(5) For a powered-lift category rat-

ing: 

(i) Preflight preparation; 
(ii) Preflight procedures; 
(iii) Airport and heliport operations; 
(iv) Hovering maneuvers; 
(v) Takeoffs, landings, and go- 

arounds; 

(vi) Performance maneuvers; 
(vii) Ground reference maneuvers; 
(viii) Navigation; 
(ix) Slow flight and stalls; 
(x) Basic instrument maneuvers; 
(xi) Emergency operations; 
(xii) Night operations, except as pro-

vided in § 61.110 of this part; and 

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