Federal Aviation Administration, DOT

Section 77.17

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(a) Any object of natural growth, terrain, or permanent or temporary construction or alteration, including
equipment or materials used and any
permanent or temporary apparatus.
(b) The alteration of any permanent
or temporary existing structure by a
change in its height, including appurtenances, or lateral dimensions, including equipment or material used therein.
Section 77.15 Scope.
(a) This subpart describes standards
used to determine obstructions to air
navigation that may affect the safe and
efficient use of navigable airspace and
the operation of planned or existing air
navigation and communication facilities. Such facilities include air navigation aids, communication equipment,
airports, Federal airways, instrument
approach or departure procedures, and
approved off-airway routes.
(b) Objects that are considered obstructions under the standards described in this subpart are presumed
hazards to air navigation unless further aeronautical study concludes that
the object is not a hazard. Once further
aeronautical study has been initiated,
the FAA will use the standards in this
subpart, along with FAA policy and
guidance material, to determine if the
object is a hazard to air navigation.
(c) The FAA will apply these standards with reference to an existing airport facility, and airport proposals received by the FAA, or the appropriate
military service, before it issues a final
determination.
(d) For airports having defined runways with specially prepared hard surfaces, the primary surface for each runway extends 200 feet beyond each end of
the runway. For airports having defined strips or pathways used regularly
for aircraft takeoffs and landings, and
designated runways, without specially
prepared hard surfaces, each end of the
primary surface for each such runway
shall coincide with the corresponding
end of the runway. At airports, excluding seaplane bases, having a defined
landing and takeoff area with no defined pathways for aircraft takeoffs
and landings, a determination must be
made as to which portions of the landing and takeoff area are regularly used

as landing and takeoff pathways. Those
determined pathways must be considered runways, and an appropriate primary surface as defined in Section 77.19 will
be considered as longitudinally centered on each such runway. Each end of
that primary surface must coincide
with the corresponding end of that runway.
(e) The standards in this subpart
apply to construction or alteration
proposals on an airport (including heliports and seaplane bases with marked
lanes) if that airport is one of the following before the issuance of the final
determination:
(1) Available for public use and is
listed in the Airport/Facility Directory, Supplement Alaska, or Supplement Pacific of the U.S. Government
Flight Information Publications; or
(2) A planned or proposed airport or
an airport under construction of which
the FAA has received actual notice, except DOD airports, where there is a
clear indication the airport will be
available for public use; or,
(3) An airport operated by a Federal
agency or the DOD; or,
(4) An airport that has at least one
FAA-approved instrument approach.
Section 77.17

Obstruction standards.

(a) An existing object, including a
mobile object, is, and a future object
would be an obstruction to air navigation if it is of greater height than any
of the following heights or surfaces:
(1) A height of 499 feet AGL at the
site of the object.
(2) A height that is 200 feet AGL, or
above the established airport elevation, whichever is higher, within 3
nautical miles of the established reference point of an airport, excluding
heliports, with its longest runway
more than 3,200 feet in actual length,
and that height increases in the proportion of 100 feet for each additional
nautical mile from the airport up to a
maximum of 499 feet.
(3) A height within a terminal obstacle clearance area, including an initial
approach segment, a departure area,
and a circling approach area, which
would result in the vertical distance
between any point on the object and an
established
minimum
instrument

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