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Section 91.1097

14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)

aircraft, in a flight simulator, or in a
flight training device.
(b) The observation check required
by paragraph (a)(2) of this section is
considered to have been completed in
the month required if completed in the
month before, or the month after, the
month in which it is due.
(c) The initial ground training for
flight instructors must include the following:
(1) Flight instructor duties, functions, and responsibilities.
(2) The applicable Code of Federal
Regulations and the program manager-s policies and procedures.
(3) The applicable methods, procedures, and techniques for conducting
flight instruction.
(4) Proper evaluation of student performance including the detection of - 
(i) Improper and insufficient training; and
(ii) Personal characteristics of an applicant that could adversely affect
safety.
(5) The corrective action in the case
of unsatisfactory training progress.
(6) The approved methods, procedures, and limitations for performing
the required normal, abnormal, and
emergency procedures in the aircraft.
(7) Except for holders of a flight instructor certificate - 
(i) The fundamental principles of the
teaching-learning process;
(ii) Teaching methods and procedures; and
(iii) The instructor-student relationship.
(d) The transition ground training for
flight instructors must include the approved methods, procedures, and limitations for performing the required
normal, abnormal, and emergency procedures applicable to the type, class, or
category aircraft to which the flight
instructor is in transition.
(e) The initial and transition flight
training for flight instructors (aircraft)
must include the following - 
(1) The safety measures for emergency situations that are likely to develop during instruction;
(2) The potential results of improper
or untimely safety measures during instruction;
(3) Training and practice from the
left and right pilot seats in the re-

quired normal, abnormal, and emergency maneuvers to ensure competence
to conduct the flight instruction required by this subpart; and
(4) The safety measures to be taken
from either the left or right pilot seat
for emergency situations that are likely to develop during instruction.
(f) The requirements of paragraph (e)
of this section may be accomplished in
full or in part in flight, in a flight simulator, or in a flight training device, as
appropriate.
(g) The initial and transition flight
training for a flight instructor (simulator) must include the following:
(1) Training and practice in the required normal, abnormal, and emergency procedures to ensure competence
to conduct the flight instruction required by this subpart. These maneuvers and procedures must be accomplished in full or in part in a flight simulator or in a flight training device.
(2) Training in the operation of flight
simulators, flight training devices, or
both, to ensure competence to conduct
the flight instruction required by this
subpart.
Section 91.1097 Pilot and flight attendant
crewmember training programs.
(a) Each program manager must establish and maintain an approved pilot
training program, and each program
manager who uses a flight attendant
crewmember must establish and maintain an approved flight attendant
training program, that is appropriate
to the operations to which each pilot
and flight attendant is to be assigned,
and will ensure that they are adequately trained to meet the applicable
knowledge and practical testing requirements of SectionSection 91.1065 through 91.1071.
(b) Each program manager required
to have a training program by paragraph (a) of this section must include
in that program ground and flight
training curriculums for - 
(1) Initial training;
(2) Transition training;
(3) Upgrade training;
(4) Differences training;
(5) Recurrent training; and
(6) Requalification training.

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