857 

Federal Aviation Administration, DOT 

Pt. 91, App. E 

Parameters Range 

Installed system

1

min-

imum accuracy (to recov-

ered data) 

Sampling interval (per 

second) 

Resolution

4

read out 

Altitude .......................

¥

1,000 ft. to max cert. 
alt. of A/C.

±

100 to 

±

700 ft. (see 

Table 1, TSO C51–a).

1 .................................

25 to 150 ft. 

Magnetic Heading .....

360

°

.................................

±

5

°

...................................

1 .................................

1

° 

Vertical Acceleration ..

¥

3g to + 6g ....................

±

0.2g in addition to 

±

0.3g 

maximum datum.

4 (or 1 per second 

where peaks, ref. to 
1g are recorded).

0.03g. 

Longitudinal Accelera-

tion.

±

1.0g ................................

±

1.5% max. range ex-

cluding datum error of 

±

5%.

2 .................................

0.01g. 

Pitch Attitude .............

100% of usable ...............

±

2

°

...................................

1 .................................

0.8

° 

Roll Attitude ...............

±

60

° 

or 100% of usable 

range, whichever is 
greater.

±

2

°

...................................

1 .................................

0.8

° 

Stabilizer Trim Posi-

tion, or.

Full Range .......................

±

3% unless higher 

uniquely required.

1 .................................

1%

3

 

Pitch Control Posi-

tion

5

.

Engine Power, Each 

Engine: 

Full Range .......................

±

3% unless higher 

uniquely required.

1 .................................

1%

3

 

Fan or N

1

Speed 

or EPR or 
Cockpit indica-
tions Used for 
Aircraft Certifi-
cation OR.

Maximum Range .............

±

5% .................................

1 .................................

1%

3

 

Prop. speed and 

Torque (Sam-
ple Once/Sec 
as Close to-
gether as Prac-
ticable).

..........................................

..........................................

1 (prop Speed) ..........
1 (torque) ...................

1%

3

 

1%

3

 

Altitude Rate

2

(need 

depends on altitude 
resolution).

±

8,000 fpm ......................

±

10%. Resolution 250 

fpm below 12,000 ft. in-
dicated.

1 .................................

250 fpm. below 

12,000 

Angle of Attack

2

 

(need depends on 
altitude resolution).

¥

20

° 

to 40

° 

or 100% of 

usable range.

±

2

°

...................................

1 .................................

0.8%

3

 

Radio Transmitter 

Keying (Discrete).

On/Off ..............................

..........................................

1.

TE Flaps (Discrete or 

Analog).

Each discrete position (U, 

D, T/O, AAP) OR.

..........................................

1.

LE Flaps (Discrete or 

Analog).

Analog 0–100% range .....

±

3% .................................

1 .................................

1%

3

 

Each discrete position (U, 

D, T/O, AAP) OR.

..........................................

1.

Thrust Reverser, 

Each Engine (Dis-
crete).

Analog 0–100% range .....

±

3

°

...................................

1 .................................

1%

3

 

Stowed or full reverse.

Spoiler/Speedbrake 

(Discrete).

Stowed or out ..................

..........................................

1.

Autopilot Engaged 

(Discrete).

Engaged or Disengaged

..........................................

1.

1

When data sources are aircraft instruments (except altimeters) of acceptable quality to fly the aircraft the recording system 

excluding these sensors (but including all other characteristics of the recording system) shall contribute no more than half of the 
values in this column. 

2

If data from the altitude encoding altimeter (100 ft. resolution) is used, then either one of these parameters should also be re-

corded. If however, altitude is recorded at a minimum resolution of 25 feet, then these two parameters can be omitted. 

3

Per cent of full range. 

4

This column applies to aircraft manufactured after October 11, 1991. 

5

For Pitch Control Position only, for all aircraft manufactured on or after April 6, 2012, the sampling interval (per second) is 8. 

Each input must be recorded at this rate. Alternately sampling inputs (interleaving) to meet this sampling interval is prohibited. 

[Doc. No. 18334, 54 FR 34327, Aug. 18, 1989, as amended by Amdt. 91–300, 73 FR 12565, Mar. 7, 
2008; 73 FR 15280, Mar. 21, 2008; Amdt. 91–313, 75 FR 17046, Apr. 5, 2010; Amdt. 91–329, 78 FR 39971, 
July 3, 2013] 

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