723 

Federal Aviation Administration, DOT 

§ 91.131 

Class C airspace must be conducted in 
compliance with this section and 
§ 91.129. For the purpose of this section, 
the primary airport is the airport for 
which the Class C airspace area is des-
ignated. A satellite airport is any other 
airport within the Class C airspace 
area. 

(b) 

Traffic patterns. 

No person may 

take off or land an aircraft at a sat-
ellite airport within a Class C airspace 
area except in compliance with FAA 
arrival and departure traffic patterns. 

(c) 

Communications. 

Each person oper-

ating an aircraft in Class C airspace 
must meet the following two-way radio 
communications requirements: 

(1) 

Arrival or through flight. 

Each per-

son must establish two-way radio com-
munications with the ATC facility (in-
cluding foreign ATC in the case of for-
eign airspace designated in the United 
States) providing air traffic services 
prior to entering that airspace and 
thereafter maintain those communica-
tions while within that airspace. 

(2) 

Departing flight. 

Each person— 

(i) From the primary airport or sat-

ellite airport with an operating control 
tower must establish and maintain 
two-way radio communications with 
the control tower, and thereafter as in-
structed by ATC while operating in the 
Class C airspace area; or 

(ii) From a satellite airport without 

an operating control tower, must es-
tablish and maintain two-way radio 
communications with the ATC facility 
having jurisdiction over the Class C 
airspace area as soon as practicable 
after departing. 

(d) 

Equipment requirements. 

Unless 

otherwise authorized by the ATC hav-
ing jurisdiction over the Class C air-
space area, no person may operate an 
aircraft within a Class C airspace area 
designated for an airport unless that 
aircraft is equipped with the applicable 
equipment specified in § 91.215, and 
after January 1, 2020, § 91.225. 

(e) 

Deviations. 

An operator may devi-

ate from any provision of this section 
under the provisions of an ATC author-
ization issued by the ATC facility hav-
ing jurisdiction over the airspace con-
cerned. ATC may authorize a deviation 

on a continuing basis or for an indi-
vidual flight, as appropriate. 

[Doc. No. 24458, 56 FR 65659, Dec. 17, 1991, as 
amended by Amdt. 91–232, 58 FR 40736, July 
30, 1993; Amdt. 91–239, 59 FR 11693, Mar. 11, 
1994; Amdt. 91–314, 75 FR 30193, May 28, 2010] 

§ 91.131

Operations in Class B air-

space. 

(a) 

Operating rules. 

No person may op-

erate an aircraft within a Class B air-
space area except in compliance with 
§ 91.129 and the following rules: 

(1) The operator must receive an ATC 

clearance from the ATC facility having 
jurisdiction for that area before oper-
ating an aircraft in that area. 

(2) Unless otherwise authorized by 

ATC, each person operating a large tur-
bine engine-powered airplane to or 
from a primary airport for which a 
Class B airspace area is designated 
must operate at or above the des-
ignated floors of the Class B airspace 
area while within the lateral limits of 
that area. 

(3) Any person conducting pilot 

training operations at an airport with-
in a Class B airspace area must comply 
with any procedures established by 
ATC for such operations in that area. 

(b) 

Pilot requirements. 

(1) No person 

may take off or land a civil aircraft at 
an airport within a Class B airspace 
area or operate a civil aircraft within a 
Class B airspace area unless— 

(i) The pilot in command holds at 

least a private pilot certificate; 

(ii) The pilot in command holds a 

recreational pilot certificate and has 
met— 

(A) The requirements of § 61.101(d) of 

this chapter; or 

(B) The requirements for a student 

pilot seeking a recreational pilot cer-
tificate in § 61.94 of this chapter; 

(iii) The pilot in command holds a 

sport pilot certificate and has met— 

(A) The requirements of § 61.325 of 

this chapter; or 

(B) The requirements for a student 

pilot seeking a recreational pilot cer-
tificate in § 61.94 of this chapter; or 

(iv) The aircraft is operated by a stu-

dent pilot who has met the require-
ments of § 61.94 or § 61.95 of this chapter, 
as applicable. 

(2) Notwithstanding the provisions of 

paragraphs (b)(1)(ii), (b)(1)(iii) and 

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