724 

14 CFR Ch. I (1–1–19 Edition) 

§ 91.133 

(b)(1)(iv) of this section, no person may 
take off or land a civil aircraft at those 
airports listed in section 4 of appendix 
D to this part unless the pilot in com-
mand holds at least a private pilot cer-
tificate. 

(c) 

Communications and navigation 

equipment requirements. 

Unless other-

wise authorized by ATC, no person may 
operate an aircraft within a Class B 
airspace area unless that aircraft is 
equipped with— 

(1) 

For IFR operation. 

An operable 

VOR or TACAN receiver or an operable 
and suitable RNAV system; and 

(2) 

For all operations. 

An operable 

two-way radio capable of communica-
tions with ATC on appropriate fre-
quencies for that Class B airspace area. 

(d) 

Other equipment requirements. 

No 

person may operate an aircraft in a 
Class B airspace area unless the air-
craft is equipped with— 

(1) The applicable operating trans-

ponder and automatic altitude report-
ing equipment specified in § 91.215 (a), 
except as provided in § 91.215 (e), and 

(2) After January 1, 2020, the applica-

ble Automatic Dependent Surveillance- 
Broadcast Out equipment specified in 
§ 91.225. 

[Doc. No. 24458, 56 FR 65658, Dec. 17, 1991, as 
amended by Amdt. 91–282, 69 FR 44880, July 
27, 2004; Amdt. 91–296, 72 FR 31678, June 7, 
2007; Amdt. 91–314, 75 FR 30193, May 28, 2010] 

§ 91.133

Restricted and prohibited 

areas. 

(a) No person may operate an aircraft 

within a restricted area (designated in 
part 73) contrary to the restrictions 
imposed, or within a prohibited area, 
unless that person has the permission 
of the using or controlling agency, as 
appropriate. 

(b) Each person conducting, within a 

restricted area, an aircraft operation 
(approved by the using agency) that 
creates the same hazards as the oper-
ations for which the restricted area 
was designated may deviate from the 
rules of this subpart that are not com-
patible with the operation of the air-
craft. 

§ 91.135

Operations in Class A air-

space. 

Except as provided in paragraph (d) 

of this section, each person operating 

an aircraft in Class A airspace must 
conduct that operation under instru-
ment flight rules (IFR) and in compli-
ance with the following: 

(a) 

Clearance. 

Operations may be con-

ducted only under an ATC clearance re-
ceived prior to entering the airspace. 

(b) 

Communications. 

Unless otherwise 

authorized by ATC, each aircraft oper-
ating in Class A airspace must be 
equipped with a two-way radio capable 
of communicating with ATC on a fre-
quency assigned by ATC. Each pilot 
must maintain two-way radio commu-
nications with ATC while operating in 
Class A airspace. 

(c) 

Equipment requirements. 

Unless 

otherwise authorized by ATC, no per-
son may operate an aircraft within 
Class A airspace unless that aircraft is 
equipped with the applicable equip-
ment specified in § 91.215, and after Jan-
uary 1, 2020, § 91.225. 

(d) 

ATC authorizations. 

An operator 

may deviate from any provision of this 
section under the provisions of an ATC 
authorization issued by the ATC facil-
ity having jurisdiction of the airspace 
concerned. In the case of an inoper-
ative transponder, ATC may imme-
diately approve an operation within a 
Class A airspace area allowing flight to 
continue, if desired, to the airport of 
ultimate destination, including any in-
termediate stops, or to proceed to a 
place where suitable repairs can be 
made, or both. Requests for deviation 
from any provision of this section must 
be submitted in writing, at least 4 days 
before the proposed operation. ATC 
may authorize a deviation on a con-
tinuing basis or for an individual 
flight. 

[Doc. No. 24458, 56 FR 65659, Dec. 17, 1991, as 
amended by Amdt. 91–314, 75 FR 30193, May 
28, 2010] 

§ 91.137

Temporary flight restrictions 

in the vicinity of disaster/hazard 
areas. 

(a) The Administrator will issue a 

Notice to Airmen (NOTAM) desig-
nating an area within which temporary 
flight restrictions apply and specifying 
the hazard or condition requiring their 
imposition, whenever he determines it 
is necessary in order to— 

(1) Protect persons and property on 

the surface or in the air from a hazard 

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