735 

Federal Aviation Administration, DOT 

§ 91.175 

(2) The DA/DH or MDA prescribed for 

the pilot in command. 

(3) The DA/DH or MDA appropriate 

for the aircraft equipment available 
and used during the approach. 

(c) 

Operation below DA/DH or MDA. 

Except as provided in § 91.176 of this 
chapter, where a DA/DH or MDA is ap-
plicable, no pilot may operate an air-
craft, except a military aircraft of the 
United States, below the authorized 
MDA or continue an approach below 
the authorized DA/DH unless— 

(1) The aircraft is continuously in a 

position from which a descent to a 
landing on the intended runway can be 
made at a normal rate of descent using 
normal maneuvers, and for operations 
conducted under part 121 or part 135 un-
less that descent rate will allow touch-
down to occur within the touchdown 
zone of the runway of intended landing; 

(2) The flight visibility is not less 

than the visibility prescribed in the 
standard instrument approach being 
used; and 

(3) Except for a Category II or Cat-

egory III approach where any necessary 
visual reference requirements are spec-
ified by the Administrator, at least one 
of the following visual references for 
the intended runway is distinctly visi-
ble and identifiable to the pilot: 

(i) The approach light system, except 

that the pilot may not descend below 
100 feet above the touchdown zone ele-
vation using the approach lights as a 
reference unless the red terminating 
bars or the red side row bars are also 
distinctly visible and identifiable. 

(ii) The threshold. 
(iii) The threshold markings. 
(iv) The threshold lights. 
(v) The runway end identifier lights. 
(vi) The visual glideslope indicator. 
(vii) The touchdown zone or touch-

down zone markings. 

(viii) The touchdown zone lights. 
(ix) The runway or runway markings. 
(x) The runway lights. 
(d) 

Landing. 

No pilot operating an 

aircraft, except a military aircraft of 
the United States, may land that air-
craft when— 

(1) For operations conducted under 

§ 91.176 of this part, the requirements of 
paragraphs (a)(3)(iii) or (b)(3)(iii), as 
applicable, of that section are not met; 
or 

(2) For all other operations under 

this part and parts 121, 125, 129, and 135, 
the flight visibility is less than the vis-
ibility prescribed in the standard in-
strument approach procedure being 
used. 

(e) 

Missed approach procedures. 

Each 

pilot operating an aircraft, except a 
military aircraft of the United States, 
shall immediately execute an appro-
priate missed approach procedure when 
either of the following conditions exist: 

(1) Whenever operating an aircraft 

pursuant to paragraph (c) of this sec-
tion or § 91.176 of this part, and the re-
quirements of that paragraph or sec-
tion are not met at either of the fol-
lowing times: 

(i) When the aircraft is being oper-

ated below MDA; or 

(ii) Upon arrival at the missed ap-

proach point, including a DA/DH where 
a DA/DH is specified and its use is re-
quired, and at any time after that until 
touchdown. 

(2) Whenever an identifiable part of 

the airport is not distinctly visible to 
the pilot during a circling maneuver at 
or above MDA, unless the inability to 
see an identifiable part of the airport 
results only from a normal bank of the 
aircraft during the circling approach. 

(f) 

Civil airport takeoff minimums. 

This 

paragraph applies to persons operating 
an aircraft under part 121, 125, 129, or 
135 of this chapter. 

(1) Unless otherwise authorized by 

the FAA, no pilot may takeoff from a 
civil airport under IFR unless the 
weather conditions at time of takeoff 
are at or above the weather minimums 
for IFR takeoff prescribed for that air-
port under part 97 of this chapter. 

(2) If takeoff weather minimums are 

not prescribed under part 97 of this 
chapter for a particular airport, the 
following weather minimums apply to 
takeoffs under IFR: 

(i) For aircraft, other than heli-

copters, having two engines or less—1 
statute mile visibility. 

(ii) For aircraft having more than 

two engines—

1

⁄

2

statute mile visibility. 

(iii) For helicopters—

1

⁄

2

statute mile 

visibility. 

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