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Section 91.509

14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)

Section 91.509 Survival
equipment
for
overwater operations.
(a) No person may take off an airplane for a flight over water more than
50 nautical miles from the nearest
shore unless that airplane is equipped
with a life preserver or an approved flotation means for each occupant of the
airplane.
(b) Except as provided in paragraph
(c) of this section, no person may take
off an airplane for flight over water
more than 30 minutes flying time or 100
nautical miles from the nearest shore,
whichever is less, unless it has on
board the following survival equipment:
(1) A life preserver, equipped with an
approved survivor locator light, for
each occupant of the airplane.
(2) Enough liferafts (each equipped
with an approved survival locator
light) of a rated capacity and buoyancy
to accommodate the occupants of the
airplane.
(3) At least one pyrotechnic signaling
device for each liferaft.
(4) One self-buoyant, water-resistant,
portable emergency radio signaling device that is capable of transmission on
the appropriate emergency frequency
or frequencies and not dependent upon
the airplane power supply.
(5) A lifeline stored in accordance
with Section 25.1411(g) of this chapter.
(c) A fractional ownership program
manager under subpart K of this part
may apply for a deviation from paragraphs (b)(2) through (5) of this section
for a particular over water operation or
the Administrator may amend the
management specifications to require
the carriage of all or any specific items
of the equipment listed in paragraphs
(b)(2) through (5) of this section.
(d) The required life rafts, life preservers, and signaling devices must be
installed in conspicuously marked locations and easily accessible in the
event of a ditching without appreciable
time for preparatory procedures.
(e) A survival kit, appropriately
equipped for the route to be flown,
must be attached to each required life
raft.
(f) As used in this section, the term
shore means that area of the land adjacent to the water that is above the
high water mark and excludes land

areas that are intermittently under
water.
[Doc. No. 18334, 54 FR 34314, Aug. 18, 1989, as
amended by Amdt. 91-280, 68 FR 54561, Sept.
17, 2003]

Section 91.511 Communication and navigation equipment for overwater operations.
(a) Except as provided in paragraphs
(c), (d), and (f) of this section, no person may take off an airplane for a
flight over water more than 30 minutes
flying time or 100 nautical miles from
the nearest shore unless it has at least
the following operable equipment:
(1) Radio communication equipment
appropriate to the facilities to be used
and able to transmit to, and receive
from, at least one communication facility from any place along the route:
(i) Two transmitters.
(ii) Two microphones.
(iii) Two headsets or one headset and
one speaker.
(iv) Two independent receivers.
(2) Appropriate electronic navigational equipment consisting of at least
two independent electronic navigation
units capable of providing the pilot
with the information necessary to
navigate the airplane within the airspace assigned by air traffic control.
However, a receiver that can receive
both communications and required
navigational signals may be used in
place of a separate communications receiver and a separate navigational signal receiver or unit.
(b) For the purposes of paragraphs
(a)(1)(iv) and (a)(2) of this section, a receiver or electronic navigation unit is
independent if the function of any part
of it does not depend on the functioning of any part of another receiver
or electronic navigation unit.
(c) Notwithstanding the provisions of
paragraph (a) of this section, a person
may operate an airplane on which no
passengers are carried from a place
where repairs or replacement cannot be
made to a place where they can be
made, if not more than one of each of
the dual items of radio communication
and navigational equipment specified
in paragraphs (a)(1) (i) through (iv) and
(a)(2) of this section malfunctions or
becomes inoperative.

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