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Section 91.609

14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)

(5) Operate an aircraft:
(i) For not more than 15 days while
the flight recorder and/or cockpit voice
recorder is inoperative and/or removed
for repair provided that the aircraft
maintenance records contain an entry
that indicates the date of failure, and a
placard is located in view of the pilot
to show that the flight recorder or
cockpit voice recorder is inoperative.
(ii) For not more than an additional
15 days, provided that the requirements
in paragraph (b)(5)(i) are met and that
a certificated pilot, or a certificated
person authorized to return an aircraft
to service under Section 43.7 of this chapter,
certifies in the aircraft maintenance
records that additional time is required
to complete repairs or obtain a replacement unit.
(c)(1) No person may operate a U.S.
civil registered, multiengine, turbinepowered airplane or rotorcraft having a
passenger seating configuration, excluding any pilot seats of 10 or more
that has been manufactured after October 11, 1991, unless it is equipped with
one or more approved flight recorders
that utilize a digital method of recording and storing data and a method of
readily retrieving that data from the
storage medium, that are capable of recording the data specified in appendix
E to this part, for an airplane, or appendix F to this part, for a rotorcraft,
of this part within the range, accuracy,
and recording interval specified, and
that are capable of retaining no less
than 8 hours of aircraft operation.
(2) All airplanes subject to paragraph
(c)(1) of this section that are manufactured before April 7, 2010, by April 7,
2012, must meet the requirements of
Section 23.1459(a)(7) or Section 25.1459(a)(8) of this
chapter, as applicable.
(3) All airplanes and rotorcraft subject to paragraph (c)(1) of this section
that are manufactured on or after
April 7, 2010, must meet the flight data
recorder requirements of Section 23.1459,
Section 25.1459, Section 27.1459, or Section 29.1459 of this
chapter, as applicable, and retain at
least the last 25 hours of recorded information using a recorder that meets
the standards of TSO-C124a, or later revision.
(d) Whenever a flight recorder, required by this section, is installed, it
must be operated continuously from

the instant the airplane begins the
takeoff roll or the rotorcraft begins
lift-off until the airplane has completed the landing roll or the rotorcraft
has landed at its destination.
(e) Unless otherwise authorized by
the Administrator, after October 11,
1991, no person may operate a U.S. civil
registered multiengine, turbine-powered airplane or rotorcraft having a
passenger seating configuration of six
passengers or more and for which two
pilots are required by type certification or operating rule unless it is
equipped with an approved cockpit
voice recorder that:
(1) Is installed in compliance with
Section 23.1457(a)(1) and (2), (b), (c), (d)(1)(i),
(2) and (3), (e), (f), and (g); Section 25.1457(a)(1)
and (2), (b), (c), (d)(1)(i), (2) and (3), (e),
(f), and (g); Section 27.1457(a)(1) and (2), (b),
(c), (d)(1)(i), (2) and (3), (e), (f), and (g);
or Section 29.1457(a)(1) and (2), (b), (c), (d)(1)(i),
(2) and (3), (e), (f), and (g) of this chapter, as applicable; and
(2) Is operated continuously from the
use of the checklist before the flight to
completion of the final checklist at the
end of the flight.
(f) In complying with this section, an
approved cockpit voice recorder having
an erasure feature may be used, so that
at any time during the operation of the
recorder, information recorded more
than 15 minutes earlier may be erased
or otherwise obliterated.
(g) In the event of an accident or occurrence requiring immediate notification to the National Transportation
Safety Board under part 830 of its regulations that results in the termination
of the flight, any operator who has installed approved flight recorders and
approved cockpit voice recorders shall
keep the recorded information for at
least 60 days or, if requested by the Administrator or the Board, for a longer
period. Information obtained from the
record is used to assist in determining
the cause of accidents or occurrences
in connection with the investigation
under part 830. The Administrator does
not use the cockpit voice recorder
record in any civil penalty or certificate action.
(h) All airplanes required by this section to have a cockpit voice recorder
and a flight data recorder, that are
manufactured before April 7, 2010, must

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