Pt. 91, SFAR No. 97

14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)

operation also meets the requirements of
sections 3 and 4 of this SFAR.
b. Certificate holders and part 91 operators
may operate aircraft under this SFAR provided that they comply with the requirements of this SFAR.
c. Operations conducted under this SFAR
are limited to United States Airspace within
and near the State of Alaska as defined in
the following area description:
From 62Section00-00.000- N, Long. 141Section00-00.00- W.;
to Lat. 59Section47-54.11- N., Long. 135Section28-38.34- W.;
to Lat. 56Section00-04.11- N., Long. 130Section00-07.80- W.;
to Lat. 54Section43-00.00- N., Long. 130Section37-00.00- W.;
to Lat. 51Section24-00.00- N., Long. 167Section49-00.00- W.;
to Lat. 50Section08-00.00- N., Long. 176Section34-00.00- W.;
to Lat. 45Section42-00.00- N., Long. Section162Section55-00.00- E.;
to Lat. 50Section05-00.00- N., Long. Section159Section00-00.00- E.;
to Lat. 54Section00-00.00- N., Long. Section169Section00-00.00- E.;
to Lat. 60Section00 00.00- N., Long. Section180Section00- 00.00- E;
to Lat. 65Section00-00.00- N., Long. 168Section58-23.00- W.;
to Lat. 90Section00-00.00- N., Long. 00Section00-0.00- W.; to
Lat. 62Section00-00.000- N, Long. 141Section00-00.00- W.
(d) No person may operate an aircraft
under IFR during the en route portion of
flight below the standard MEA or at the special MEA unless the operation is conducted
in accordance with sections 3 and 4 of this
SFAR.

kpayne on VMOFRWIN702 with $$_JOB

Section 2. Definitions and abbreviations
For the purposes of this SFAR, the following definitions and abbreviations apply.
Area navigation (RNAV). RNAV is a method
of navigation that permits aircraft operations on any desired flight path.
Area navigation (RNAV) route. RNAV route
is a published route based on RNAV that can
be used by suitably equipped aircraft.
Certificate holder. A certificate holder
means a person holding a certificate issued
under part 119 or part 125 of this chapter or
holding operations specifications issued
under part 129 of this chapter.
Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS).
GNSS is a world-wide position and time determination system that uses satellite ranging signals to determine user location. It encompasses all satellite ranging technologies,
including GPS and additional satellites.
Components of the GNSS include GPS, the
Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System, and WAAS satellites.
Global Positioning System (GPS). GPS is a
satellite-based radio navigational, positioning, and time transfer system. The system provides highly accurate position and
velocity information and precise time on a
continuous global basis to properly equipped
users.
Minimum crossing altitude (MCA). The minimum crossing altitude (MCA) applies to the
operation of an aircraft proceeding to a higher minimum en route altitude when crossing
specified fixes.
Required navigation system. Required navigation system means navigation equipment

that meets the performance requirements of
TSO C145a/C146a navigation systems certified
for IFR en route operations.
Route segment. Route segment is a portion
of a route bounded on each end by a fix or
NAVAID.
Special MEA. Special MEA refers to the
minimum en route altitudes, using required
navigation systems, on published routes outside the operational service volume of
ground-based navigation aids and are depicted on the published Low Altitude and
High Altitude En Route Charts using the
color blue and with the suffix  - G. -  For example, a GPS MEA of 4000 feet MSL would be
depicted using the color blue, as 4000G.
Standard MEA. Standard MEA refers to the
minimum en route IFR altitude on published
routes that uses ground-based navigation
aids and are depicted on the published Low
Altitude and High Altitude En Route Charts
using the color black.
Station referenced. Station referenced refers
to radio navigational aids or fixes that are
referenced by ground based navigation facilities such as VOR facilities.
Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS).
WAAS is an augmentation to GPS that calculates GPS integrity and correction data on
the ground and uses geo-stationary satellites
to broadcast GPS integrity and correction
data to GPS/WAAS users and to provide
ranging signals. It is a safety critical system
consisting of a ground network of reference
and integrity monitor data processing sites
to assess current GPS performance, as well
as a space segment that broadcasts that assessment to GNSS users to support en route
through precision approach navigation.
Users of the system include all aircraft applying the WAAS data and ranging signal.
Section 3. Operational Requirements
To operate an aircraft under this SFAR,
the following requirements must be met:
a. Training and qualification for operations and maintenance personnel on required navigation equipment used under this
SFAR.
b. Use authorized procedures for normal,
abnormal, and emergency situations unique
to these operations, including degraded navigation capabilities, and satellite system outages.
c. For certificate holders, training of flight
crewmembers and other personnel authorized
to exercise operational control on the use of
those procedures specified in paragraph b of
this section.
d. Part 129 operators must have approval
from the State of the operator to conduct operations in accordance with this SFAR.
e. In order to operate under this SFAR, a
certificate holder must be authorized in operations specifications.

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