6 

14 CFR Ch. I (1–1–19 Edition) 

§ 110.2 

(ii) Operations solely within the 48 

contiguous States of the United States 
or the District of Columbia; or 

(iii) Operations entirely within any 

State, territory, or possession of the 
United States; or 

(iv) When specifically authorized by 

the Administrator, operations between 
any point within the 48 contiguous 
States of the United States or the Dis-
trict of Columbia and any specifically 
authorized point located outside the 48 
contiguous States of the United States 
or the District of Columbia. 

Empty weight 

means the weight of the 

airframe, engines, propellers, rotors, 
and fixed equipment. Empty weight ex-
cludes the weight of the crew and pay-
load, but includes the weight of all 
fixed ballast, unusable fuel supply, un-
drainable oil, total quantity of engine 
coolant, and total quantity of hydrau-
lic fluid. 

Flag operation 

means any scheduled 

operation conducted by any person op-
erating any airplane described in para-
graph (1) of this definition at the loca-
tions described in paragraph (2) of this 
definition: 

(1) Airplanes: 
(i) Turbojet-powered airplanes; 
(ii) Airplanes having a passenger-seat 

configuration of more than 9 passenger 
seats, excluding each crewmember 
seat; or 

(iii) Airplanes having a payload ca-

pacity of more than 7,500 pounds. 

(2) Locations: 
(i) Between any point within the 

State of Alaska or the State of Hawaii 
or any territory or possession of the 
United States and any point outside 
the State of Alaska or the State of Ha-
waii or any territory or possession of 
the United States, respectively; or 

(ii) Between any point within the 48 

contiguous States of the United States 
or the District of Columbia and any 
point outside the 48 contiguous States 
of the United States and the District of 
Columbia. 

(iii) Between any point outside the 

U.S. and another point outside the U.S. 

Justifiable aircraft equipment 

means 

any equipment necessary for the oper-
ation of the aircraft. It does not in-
clude equipment or ballast specifically 
installed, permanently or otherwise, 
for the purpose of altering the empty 

weight of an aircraft to meet the max-
imum payload capacity. 

Kind of operation 

means one of the 

various operations a certificate holder 
is authorized to conduct, as specified in 
its operations specifications, 

i.e., 

do-

mestic, flag, supplemental, commuter, 
or on-demand operations. 

Maximum payload capacity 

means: 

(1) For an aircraft for which a max-

imum zero fuel weight is prescribed in 
FAA technical specifications, the max-
imum zero fuel weight, less empty 
weight, less all justifiable aircraft 
equipment, and less the operating load 
(consisting of minimum flightcrew, 
foods and beverages, and supplies and 
equipment related to foods and bev-
erages, but not including disposable 
fuel or oil). 

(2) For all other aircraft, the max-

imum certificated takeoff weight of an 
aircraft, less the empty weight, less all 
justifiable aircraft equipment, and less 
the operating load (consisting of min-
imum fuel load, oil, and flightcrew). 
The allowance for the weight of the 
crew, oil, and fuel is as follows: 

(i) Crew—for each crewmember re-

quired by the Federal Aviation Regula-
tions— 

(A) For male flightcrew members— 

180 pounds. 

(B) For female flightcrew members— 

140 pounds. 

(C) For male flight attendants—180 

pounds. 

(D) For female flight attendants—130 

pounds. 

(E) For flight attendants not identi-

fied by gender—140 pounds. 

(ii) Oil—350 pounds or the oil capac-

ity as specified on the Type Certificate 
Data Sheet. 

(iii) Fuel—the minimum weight of 

fuel required by the applicable Federal 
Aviation Regulations for a flight be-
tween domestic points 174 nautical 
miles apart under VFR weather condi-
tions that does not involve extended 
overwater operations. 

Maximum zero fuel weight 

means the 

maximum permissible weight of an air-
craft with no disposable fuel or oil. The 
zero fuel weight figure may be found in 
either the aircraft type certificate data 
sheet, the approved Aircraft Flight 
Manual, or both. 

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