166 

14 CFR Ch. I (1–1–19 Edition) 

§ 121.415 

(7) Except for holders of a flight in-

structor certificate— 

(i) The fundamental principles of the 

teaching-learning process; 

(ii) Teaching methods and proce-

dures; and 

(iii) The instructor-student relation-

ship. 

(8) For flight instructors who con-

duct training in a flight simulator or a 
flight training device, the following 
subjects specific to the device(s) for the 
airplane type: 

(i) Proper operation of the controls 

and systems; 

(ii) Proper operation of environ-

mental and fault panels; 

(iii) Data and motion limitations of 

simulation; and 

(iv) The minimum airplane simulator 

equipment required by this part or part 
60 of this chapter, for each maneuver 
and procedure completed in a flight 
simulator or a flight training device. 

(d) The transition ground training for 

flight instructors must include the fol-
lowing: 

(1) The approved methods, proce-

dures, and limitations for performing 
the required normal, abnormal, and 
emergency procedures applicable to the 
airplane to which the flight instructor 
is transitioning. 

(2) For flight instructors who con-

duct training in a flight simulator or a 
flight training device, the following 
subjects specific to the device(s) for the 
airplane type to which the flight in-
structor is transitioning: 

(i) Proper operation of the controls 

and systems; 

(ii) Proper operation of environ-

mental and fault panels; 

(iii) Data and motion limitations of 

simulation; and 

(iv) The minimum airplane simulator 

equipment required by this part or part 
60 of this chapter, for each maneuver 
and procedure completed in a flight 
simulator or a flight training device. 

(e) The initial and transition flight 

training for flight instructors (air-
plane) must include the following: 

(1) The safety measures for emer-

gency situations that are likely to de-
velop during instruction. 

(2) The potential results of improper, 

untimely, or non-execution of safety 
measures during instruction. 

(3) For pilot flight instructor (air-

plane)— 

(i) In-flight training and practice in 

conducting flight instruction from the 
left and right pilot seats in the re-
quired normal, abnormal, and emer-
gency procedures to ensure competence 
as an instructor; and 

(ii) The safety measures to be taken 

from either pilot seat for emergency 
situations that are likely to develop 
during instruction. 

(4) For flight engineer instructors 

(airplane), inflight training to ensure 
competence to perform assigned duties. 

(f) The requirements of paragraph (e) 

of this section may be accomplished in 
full or in part in flight, in a flight sim-
ulator, or in a flight training device, as 
appropriate. 

(g) The initial and transition flight 

training for flight instructors who con-
duct training in a flight simulator or a 
flight training device must include the 
following: 

(1) Training and practice in the re-

quired normal, abnormal, and emer-
gency procedures to ensure competence 
to conduct the flight instruction re-
quired by this part. This training and 
practice must be accomplished in full 
or in part in a flight simulator or in a 
flight training device. 

(2) Training in the operation of flight 

simulators or flight training devices, 
or both, to ensure competence to con-
duct the flight instruction required by 
this part. 

(h) Recurrent flight instructor 

ground training for flight instructors 
who conduct training in a flight simu-
lator or a flight training device must 
be completed every 12 calendar months 
and must include the subjects required 
in paragraph (c)(8) of this section. 

(i) Compliance with paragraphs (c)(8), 

(d)(2), and (h) of this section is required 
no later than March 12, 2019. 

[Doc. No. 28471, 61 FR 30743, June 17, 1996; 62 
FR 3739, Jan. 24, 1997, as amended by Amdt. 
121–366, 78 FR 67838, Nov. 12, 2013] 

§ 121.415

Crewmember and dispatcher 

training program requirements. 

(a) Each training program must pro-

vide the following ground training as 
appropriate to the particular assign-
ment of the crewmember or dispatcher: 

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