175 

Federal Aviation Administration, DOT 

§ 121.431 

during an approved simulator line 
operational flight training (LOFT) ses-
sion. The recurrent CRM or DRM train-
ing requirements do not apply until a 
person has completed the applicable 
initial CRM or DRM training required 
by §§ 121.419, 121.421, or 121.422. 

(c) Recurrent ground training for 

crewmembers and dispatchers must 
consist of at least the following pro-
grammed hours unless reduced under 
§ 121.405: 

(1) For pilots and flight engineers— 
(i) Group I, reciprocating powered 

airplanes, 16 hours; 

(ii) Group I turbopropeller powered 

airplanes, 20 hours; and 

(iii) Group II airplanes, 25 hours. 
(2) For flight attendants— 
(i) Group I reciprocating powered air-

planes, 4 hours; 

(ii) Group I turbopropeller powered 

airplanes, 5 hours; and 

(iii) Group II airplanes, 12 hours. 
(3) For aircraft dispatchers— 
(i) Group I reciprocating powered air-

planes, 8 hours; 

(ii) Group I turbopropeller powered 

airplanes, 10 hours; and 

(iii) Group II airplanes, 20 hours. 
(d) Recurrent flight training for 

flightcrew members must include at 
least the following: 

(1) For pilots— 
(i) Extended envelope training as re-

quired by § 121.423 of this part; and 

(ii) Flight training in an approved 

simulator in maneuvers and procedures 
set forth in the certificate holder’s ap-
proved low-altitude windshear flight 
training program and flight training in 
maneuvers and procedures set forth in 
appendix F to this part, or in a flight 
training program approved by the Ad-
ministrator, except as follows— 

(A) The number of programmed 

inflight hours is not specified; and 

(B) Satisfactory completion of a pro-

ficiency check may be substituted for 
recurrent flight training as permitted 
in § 121.433(c) and (e) of this part. 

(2) For flight engineers, flight train-

ing as provided by § 121.425(a) except as 
follows— 

(i) The specified number of inflight 

hours is not required; and 

(ii) The flight check, other than the 

preflight inspection, may be conducted 
in an airplane simulator or other train-

ing device. The preflight inspection 
may be conducted in an airplane, or by 
using an approved pictorial means that 
realistically portrays the location and 
detail or preflight inspection items and 
provides for the portrayal of abnormal 
conditions. Satisfactory completion of 
an approved line-oriented simulator 
training program may be substituted 
for the flight check. 

(e) Compliance and pilot programmed 

hours: 

(1) Compliance with the requirements 

identified in paragraphs (d)(1)(i) of this 
section is required no later than March 
12, 2019. 

(2) After March 12, 2019, recurrent 

programmed hours applicable to pilots 
as specified in paragraph (c)(1) of this 
section must include 30 additional min-
utes. 

[Doc. No. 9509, 35 FR 90, Jan. 30, 1970, as 
amended by Amdt. 121–80, 36 FR 19362, Oct. 5, 
1971; Amdt. 121–144, 43 FR 22647, May 25, 1978; 
Amdt.121–199, 53 FR 37697, Sept. 27, 1988; 
Amdt. 121–250, 60 FR 65949, Dec. 20, 1995; 
Amdt. 121–281, 66 FR 19043, Apr. 12, 2001; 
Amdt. 121–366, 78 FR 67840, Nov. 12, 2013] 

§ 121.429

[Reserved] 

Subpart O—Crewmember 

Qualifications 

§ 121.431

Applicability. 

(a) This subpart: 
(1) Prescribes crewmember qualifica-

tions for all certificate holders except 
where otherwise specified. The quali-
fication requirements of this subpart 
also apply to each certificate holder 
that conducts commuter operations 
under part 135 of this chapter with air-
planes for which two pilots are re-
quired by the aircraft type certifi-
cation rules of this chapter. The Ad-
ministrator may authorize any other 
certificate holder that conducts oper-
ations under part 135 of this chapter to 
comply with the training and qualifica-
tion requirements of this subpart in-
stead of subparts E, G, and H of part 
135 of this chapter, except that these 
certificate holders may choose to com-
ply with the operating experience re-
quirements of § 135.244 of this chapter, 
instead of the requirements of § 121.434. 
Notwithstanding the requirements of 
this subpart, a pilot serving under part 

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