Federal Aviation Administration, DOT

Section 121.431

during an approved simulator line
operational flight training (LOFT) session. The recurrent CRM or DRM training requirements do not apply until a
person has completed the applicable
initial CRM or DRM training required
by SectionSection 121.419, 121.421, or 121.422.
(c) Recurrent ground training for
crewmembers and dispatchers must
consist of at least the following programmed hours unless reduced under
Section 121.405:
(1) For pilots and flight engineers - 
(i) Group I, reciprocating powered
airplanes, 16 hours;
(ii) Group I turbopropeller powered
airplanes, 20 hours; and
(iii) Group II airplanes, 25 hours.
(2) For flight attendants - 
(i) Group I reciprocating powered airplanes, 4 hours;
(ii) Group I turbopropeller powered
airplanes, 5 hours; and
(iii) Group II airplanes, 12 hours.
(3) For aircraft dispatchers - 
(i) Group I reciprocating powered airplanes, 8 hours;
(ii) Group I turbopropeller powered
airplanes, 10 hours; and
(iii) Group II airplanes, 20 hours.
(d) Recurrent flight training for
flightcrew members must include at
least the following:
(1) For pilots - 
(i) Extended envelope training as required by Section 121.423 of this part; and
(ii) Flight training in an approved
simulator in maneuvers and procedures
set forth in the certificate holder-s approved low-altitude windshear flight
training program and flight training in
maneuvers and procedures set forth in
appendix F to this part, or in a flight
training program approved by the Administrator, except as follows - 
(A) The number of programmed
inflight hours is not specified; and
(B) Satisfactory completion of a proficiency check may be substituted for
recurrent flight training as permitted
in Section 121.433(c) and (e) of this part.
(2) For flight engineers, flight training as provided by Section 121.425(a) except as
follows - 
(i) The specified number of inflight
hours is not required; and
(ii) The flight check, other than the
preflight inspection, may be conducted
in an airplane simulator or other train-

ing device. The preflight inspection
may be conducted in an airplane, or by
using an approved pictorial means that
realistically portrays the location and
detail or preflight inspection items and
provides for the portrayal of abnormal
conditions. Satisfactory completion of
an approved line-oriented simulator
training program may be substituted
for the flight check.
(e) Compliance and pilot programmed
hours:
(1) Compliance with the requirements
identified in paragraphs (d)(1)(i) of this
section is required no later than March
12, 2019.
(2) After March 12, 2019, recurrent
programmed hours applicable to pilots
as specified in paragraph (c)(1) of this
section must include 30 additional minutes.
[Doc. No. 9509, 35 FR 90, Jan. 30, 1970, as
amended by Amdt. 121-80, 36 FR 19362, Oct. 5,
1971; Amdt. 121-144, 43 FR 22647, May 25, 1978;
Amdt.121-199, 53 FR 37697, Sept. 27, 1988;
Amdt. 121-250, 60 FR 65949, Dec. 20, 1995;
Amdt. 121-281, 66 FR 19043, Apr. 12, 2001;
Amdt. 121-366, 78 FR 67840, Nov. 12, 2013]

Section 121.429

[Reserved]

Subpart O - Crewmember
Qualifications
Section 121.431 Applicability.
(a) This subpart:
(1) Prescribes crewmember qualifications for all certificate holders except
where otherwise specified. The qualification requirements of this subpart
also apply to each certificate holder
that conducts commuter operations
under part 135 of this chapter with airplanes for which two pilots are required by the aircraft type certification rules of this chapter. The Administrator may authorize any other
certificate holder that conducts operations under part 135 of this chapter to
comply with the training and qualification requirements of this subpart instead of subparts E, G, and H of part
135 of this chapter, except that these
certificate holders may choose to comply with the operating experience requirements of Section 135.244 of this chapter,
instead of the requirements of Section 121.434.
Notwithstanding the requirements of
this subpart, a pilot serving under part

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