178 

14 CFR Ch. I (1–1–19 Edition) 

§ 121.434 

(1) In the case of a flight crew-

member, the person must hold the ap-
propriate certificates and ratings for 
the crewmember position and the air-
plane, except that a pilot who is meet-
ing the pilot in command requirements 
must hold the appropriate certificates 
and ratings for a pilot in command in 
the airplane. 

(2) The operating experience, oper-

ating cycles, and line operating flight 
time for consolidation of knowledge 
and skills must be acquired after satis-
factory completion of the appropriate 
ground and flight training for the par-
ticular airplane type and crewmember 
position. 

(3) The experience must be acquired 

in flight during operations under this 
part. However, in the case of an air-
craft not previously used by the certifi-
cate holder in operations under this 
part, operating experience acquired in 
the aircraft during proving flights or 
ferry flights may be used to meet this 
requirement. 

(c) Pilot crewmembers must acquire 

operating experience and operating cy-
cles as follows: 

(1) A pilot in command must— 
(i) Perform the duties of a pilot in 

command under the supervision of a 
check pilot; and 

(ii) In addition, if a qualifying pilot 

in command is completing initial or 
upgrade training specified in § 121.424, 
be observed in the performance of pre-
scribed duties by an FAA inspector 
during at least one flight leg which in-
cludes a takeoff and landing. During 
the time that a qualifying pilot in com-
mand is acquiring the operating experi-
ence in paragraphs (c)(l) (i) and (ii) of 
this section, a check pilot who is also 
serving as the pilot in command must 
occupy a pilot station. However, in the 
case of a transitioning pilot in com-
mand the check pilot serving as pilot 
in command may occupy the observer’s 
seat, if the transitioning pilot has 
made at least two takeoffs and land-
ings in the type airplane used, and has 
satisfactorily demonstrated to the 
check pilot that he is qualified to per-
form the duties of a pilot in command 
of that type of airplane. 

(2) A second in command pilot must 

perform the duties of a second in com-

mand under the supervision of an ap-
propriately qualified check pilot. 

(3) The hours of operating experience 

and operating cycles for all pilots are 
as follows: 

(i) For initial training, 15 hours in 

Group I reciprocating powered air-
planes, 20 hours in Group I turbo-
propeller powered airplanes, and 25 
hours in Group II airplanes. Operating 
experience in both airplane groups 
must include at least 4 operating cy-
cles (at least 2 as the pilot flying the 
airplane). 

(ii) For transition training, except as 

provided in paragraph (c)(3)(iii) of this 
section, 10 hours in Group I recipro-
cating powered airplanes, 12 hours in 
Group I turbopropeller powered air-
planes, 25 hours for pilots in command 
in Group II airplanes, and 15 hours for 
second in command pilots in Group II 
airplanes. Operating experience in both 
airplane groups must include at least 4 
operating cycles (at least 2 as the pilot 
flying the airplane). 

(iii) In the case of transition training 

where the certificate holder’s approved 
training program includes a course of 
training in an airplane simulator under 
§ 121.409(c), each pilot in command 
must comply with the requirements 
prescribed in paragraph (c)(3)(i) of this 
section for initial training. 

(d) A flight engineer must perform 

the duties of a flight engineer under 
the supervision of a check airman or a 
qualified flight engineer for at least 
the following number of hours: 

(1) Group I reciprocating powered air-

planes, 8 hours. 

(2) Group I turbopropeller powered 

airplanes, 10 hours. 

(3) Group II airplanes, 12 hours. 
(e) A flight attendant must, for at 

least 5 hours, perform the assigned du-
ties of a flight attendant under the su-
pervision of a flight attendant super-
visor qualified under this part who per-
sonally observes the performance of 
these duties. However, operating expe-
rience is not required for a flight at-
tendant who has previously acquired 
such experience on any large passenger 
carrying airplane of the same group, if 
the certificate holder shows that the 
flight attendant has received sufficient 
ground training for the airplane in 
which the flight attendant is to serve. 

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