180 

14 CFR Ch. I (1–1–19 Edition) 

§ 121.435 

as provided in paragraphs (e) and (f) of 
this section. 

[Doc. No. 9509, 35 FR 95, Jan. 3, 1970, as 
amended by Amdt. 121–74, 36 FR 12284, June 
30, 1971; Amdt. 121–91, 37 FR 10729, May 27, 
1972; Amdt. 121–140, 43 FR 9599, Mar. 9, 1978; 
Amdt. 121–144, 43 FR 22647, May 25, 1978; 
Amdt. 121–159, 45 FR 41593, June 19, 1980; 
Amdt. 121–248, 60 FR 20870, Apr. 27, 1995; 
Amdt. 121–366, 78 FR 67840, Nov. 12, 2013] 

§ 121.435

[Reserved] 

§ 121.436

Pilot Qualification: Certifi-

cates and experience requirements. 

(a) No certificate holder may use nor 

may any pilot act as pilot in command 
of an aircraft (or as second in command 
of an aircraft in a flag or supplemental 
operation that requires three or more 
pilots) unless the pilot: 

(1) Holds an airline transport pilot 

certificate not subject to the limita-
tions in § 61.167 of this chapter; 

(2) Holds an appropriate aircraft type 

rating for the aircraft being flown; and 

(3) If serving as pilot in command in 

part 121 operations, has 1,000 hours as 
second in command in operations under 
this part, pilot in command in oper-
ations under § 91.1053(a)(2)(i) of this 
chapter, pilot in command in oper-
ations under § 135.243(a)(1) of this chap-
ter, or any combination thereof. For 
those pilots who are employed as pilot 
in command in part 121 operations on 
July 31, 2013, compliance with the re-
quirements of this paragraph (a)(3) is 
not required. 

(b) No certificate holder may use nor 

may any pilot act as second in com-
mand unless the pilot holds an airline 
transport pilot certificate and an ap-
propriate aircraft type rating for the 
aircraft being flown. A second-in-com-
mand type rating obtained under § 61.55 
does not satisfy the requirements of 
this section. 

(c) For the purpose of satisfying the 

flight hour requirement in paragraph 
(a)(3) of this section, a pilot may credit 
500 hours of military flight time ob-
tained as pilot in command of a multi-
engine turbine-powered, fixed-wing air-
plane in an operation requiring more 
than one pilot. 

(d) Compliance with the require-

ments of this section is required by Au-
gust 1, 2013. However, for those pilots 
who are employed as second in com-

mand in part 121 operations on July 31, 
2013, compliance with the type rating 
requirement in paragraph (b) of this 
section is not required until January 1, 
2016. 

[Doc. No. FAA–2010–0100, 78 FR 42378, July 15, 
2013, as amended by Amdt. 121–365A, 78 FR 
77574, Dec. 24, 2013] 

§ 121.438

Pilot operating limitations 

and pairing requirements. 

(a) If the second in command has 

fewer than 100 hours of flight time as 
second in command in operations under 
this part in the type airplane being 
flown, and the pilot in command is not 
an appropriately qualified check pilot, 
the pilot in command must make all 
takeoffs and landings in the following 
situations: 

(1) At special airports designated by 

the Administrator or at special air-
ports designated by the certificate 
holder; and 

(2) In any of the following conditions: 
(i) The prevailing visibility value in 

the latest weather report for the air-
port is at or below 

3

⁄

4

mile. 

(ii) The runway visual range for the 

runway to be used is at or below 4,000 
feet. 

(iii) The runway to be used has 

water, snow, slush or similar condi-
tions that may adversely affect air-
plane performance. 

(iv) The braking action on the run-

way to be used is reported to be less 
than ‘‘good’’. 

(v) The crosswind component for the 

runway to be used is in excess of 15 
knots. 

(vi) Windshear is reported in the vi-

cinity of the airport. 

(vii) Any other condition in which 

the PIC determines it to be prudent to 
exercise the PIC’s prerogative. 

(b) No person may conduct oper-

ations under this part unless, for that 
type airplane, either the pilot in com-
mand or the second in command has at 
least 75 hours of line operating flight 
time, either as pilot in command or 
second in command. The Administrator 
may, upon application by the certifi-
cate holder, authorize deviations from 
the requirements of this paragraph (b) 
by an appropriate amendment to the 
operations specifications in any of the 
following circumstances: 

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