Federal Aviation Administration, DOT

Section 135.99

Alaska, unless authorized by the FAA.
The certificate holder-s operation specifications must include the following:
(a) The designation of airports that
may be used for en-route diversions
and the requirements the airports must
meet at the time of diversion.
(b) Except for all-cargo operations, a
recovery plan for passengers at designated diversion airports.
(c) A fuel-freeze strategy and procedures for monitoring fuel freezing for
operations in the North Polar Area.
(d) A plan to ensure communication
capability for operations in the North
Polar Area.
(e) An MEL for operations in the
North Polar Area.
(f) A training plan for operations in
the North Polar Area.
(g) A plan for mitigating crew exposure to radiation during solar flare activity.
(h) A plan for providing at least two
cold weather anti-exposure suits in the
aircraft, to protect crewmembers during outside activity at a diversion airport with extreme climatic conditions.
The FAA may relieve the certificate
holder from this requirement if the
season of the year makes the equipment unnecessary.
[Doc. No. FAA-2002-6717, 72 FR 1885, Jan. 16,
2007, as amended by Amdt. 135-112, 73 FR
8798, Feb. 15, 2008]

Section 135.99 Composition of flight crew.
(a) No certificate holder may operate
an aircraft with less than the minimum flight crew specified in the aircraft operating limitations or the Aircraft Flight Manual for that aircraft
and required by this part for the kind
of operation being conducted.
(b) No certificate holder may operate
an aircraft without a second in command if that aircraft has a passenger
seating configuration, excluding any
pilot seat, of ten seats or more.
(c) Except as provided in paragraph
(d) of this section, a certificate holder
authorized to conduct operations under
instrument flight rules may receive authorization from the Administrator
through its operations specifications to
establish a second-in-command professional development program. As part of
that program, a pilot employed by the
certificate holder may log time as sec-

ond in command in operations conducted under this part and part 91 of
this chapter that do not require a second pilot by type certification of the
aircraft or the regulation under which
the flight is being conducted, provided
the flight operation is conducted in accordance with the certificate holder-s
operations specifications for second-incommand professional development
program; and - 
(1) The certificate holder:
(i) Maintains records for each assigned second in command consistent
with the requirements in Section 135.63;
(ii) Provides a copy of the records required by Section 135.63(a)(4)(vi) and (x) to the
assigned second in command upon request and within a reasonable time;
and
(iii) Establishes and maintains a data
collection and analysis process that
will enable the certificate holder and
the FAA to determine whether the second-in-command professional development program is accomplishing its objectives.
(2) The aircraft is a multiengine airplane or a single-engine turbine-powered airplane. The aircraft must have
an independent set of controls for a
second pilot flightcrew member, which
may not include a throwover control
wheel. The aircraft must also have the
following equipment and independent
instrumentation for a second pilot:
(i) An airspeed indicator;
(ii) Sensitive altimeter adjustable for
barometric pressure;
(iii) Gyroscopic bank and pitch indicator;
(iv) Gyroscopic rate-of-turn indicator
combined with an integral slip-skid indicator;
(v) Gyroscopic direction indicator;
(vi) For IFR operations, a vertical
speed indicator;
(vii) For IFR operations, course guidance for en route navigation and instrument approaches; and
(viii) A microphone, transmit switch,
and headphone or speaker.
(3) The pilot assigned to serve as second in command satisfies the following
requirements:
(i) The second in command qualifications in Section 135.245;

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