Section 135.100

14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)

(ii) The flight time and duty period
limitations and rest requirements in
subpart F of this part;
(iii) The crewmember testing requirements for second in command in subpart G of this part; and
(iv) The crewmember training requirements for second in command in
subpart H of this part.
(4) The pilot assigned to serve as
pilot in command satisfies the following requirements:
(i) Has been fully qualified to serve as
a pilot in command for the certificate
holder for at least the previous 6 calendar months; and
(ii) Has completed mentoring training, including techniques for reinforcing the highest standards of technical performance, airmanship and professionalism within the preceding 36
calendar months.
(d) The following certificate holders
are not eligible to receive authorization for a second-in-command professional development program under
paragraph (c) of this section:
(1) A certificate holder that uses only
one pilot in its operations; and
(2) A certificate holder that has been
approved to deviate from the requirements in Section 135.21(a), Section 135.341(a), or
Section 119.69(a) of this chapter.
[Doc. No. 16097, 43 FR 46783, Oct. 10, 1978, as
amended at 83 FR 30282, June 27, 2018]

Section 135.100 Flight crewmember duties.
(a) No certificate holder shall require, nor may any flight crewmember
perform, any duties during a critical
phase of flight except those duties required for the safe operation of the aircraft. Duties such as company required
calls made for such nonsafety related
purposes as ordering galley supplies
and confirming passenger connections,
announcements made to passengers
promoting the air carrier or pointing
out sights of interest, and filling out
company payroll and related records
are not required for the safe operation
of the aircraft.
(b) No flight crewmember may engage in, nor may any pilot in command
permit, any activity during a critical
phase of flight which could distract
any flight crewmember from the performance of his or her duties or which
could interfere in any way with the

proper conduct of those duties. Activities such as eating meals, engaging in
nonessential conversations within the
cockpit and nonessential communications between the cabin and cockpit
crews, and reading publications not related to the proper conduct of the
flight are not required for the safe operation of the aircraft.
(c) For the purposes of this section,
critical phases of flight includes all
ground operations involving taxi, takeoff and landing, and all other flight operations conducted below 10,000 feet,
except cruise flight.
NOTE: Taxi is defined as  - movement of an
airplane under its own power on the surface
of an airport. - 
[Doc. No. 20661, 46 FR 5502, Jan. 19, 1981]

Section 135.101 Second in command required
under IFR.
Except as provided in Section 135.105, no person may operate an aircraft carrying
passengers under IFR unless there is a
second in command in the aircraft.
[Doc. No. 28743, 62 FR 42374, Aug. 6, 1997]

Section 135.103

[Reserved]

Section 135.105 Exception to second in command requirement: Approval for
use of autopilot system.
(a) Except as provided in SectionSection 135.99 and
135.111, unless two pilots are required
by this chapter for operations under
VFR, a person may operate an aircraft
without a second in command, if it is
equipped with an operative approved
autopilot system and the use of that
system is authorized by appropriate operations specifications. No certificate
holder may use any person, nor may
any person serve, as a pilot in command under this section of an aircraft
operated in a commuter operation, as
defined in part 119 of this chapter unless that person has at least 100 hours
pilot in command flight time in the
make and model of aircraft to be flown
and has met all other applicable requirements of this part.
(b) The certificate holder may apply
for an amendment of its operations
specifications to authorize the use of
an autopilot system in place of a second in command.

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