445 

Federal Aviation Administration, DOT 

§ 135.165 

use by the navigation systems required 
by this section: 

(2) The aircraft used in extended 

over-water operations is equipped with 
at least two-approved independent 
navigation systems suitable for navi-
gating the aircraft along the route to 
be flown within the degree of accuracy 
required for ATC. 

(3) The aircraft used for IFR oper-

ations is equipped with at least— 

(i) One marker beacon receiver pro-

viding visual and aural signals; and 

(ii) One ILS receiver. 
(4) Any RNAV system used to meet 

the navigation equipment require-
ments of this section is authorized in 
the certificate holder’s operations 
specifications. 

(b) 

Use of a single independent naviga-

tion system for IFR operations. 

The air-

craft may be equipped with a single 
independent navigation system suit-
able for navigating the aircraft along 
the route to be flown within the degree 
of accuracy required for ATC if: 

(1) It can be shown that the aircraft 

is equipped with at least one other 
independent navigation system suit-
able, in the event of loss of the naviga-
tion capability of the single inde-
pendent navigation system permitted 
by this paragraph at any point along 
the route, for proceeding safely to a 
suitable airport and completing an in-
strument approach; and 

(2) The aircraft has sufficient fuel so 

that the flight may proceed safely to a 
suitable airport by use of the remain-
ing navigation system, and complete 
an instrument approach and land. 

(c) 

VOR navigation equipment. 

When-

ever VOR navigation equipment is re-
quired by paragraph (a) or (b) of this 
section, no person may operate an air-
craft unless it is equipped with at least 
one approved DME or suitable RNAV 
system. 

(d) 

Airplane communication equipment 

requirements. 

Except as permitted in 

paragraph (e) of this section, no person 
may operate a turbojet airplane having 
a passenger seat configuration, exclud-
ing any pilot seat, of 10 seats or more, 
or a multiengine airplane in a com-
muter operation, as defined in part 119 
of this chapter, under IFR or in ex-
tended over-water operations unless 
the airplane is equipped with— 

(1) At least two independent commu-

nication systems necessary under nor-
mal operating conditions to fulfill the 
functions specified in § 121.347(a) of this 
chapter; and 

(2) At least one of the communica-

tion systems required by paragraph 
(d)(1) of this section must have two- 
way voice communication capability. 

(e) 

IFR or extended over-water commu-

nications equipment requirements. 

A per-

son may operate an aircraft other than 
that specified in paragraph (d) of this 
section under IFR or in extended over- 
water operations if it meets all of the 
requirements of this section, with the 
exception that only one communica-
tion system transmitter is required for 
operations other than extended over- 
water operations. 

(f) 

Additional aircraft communication 

equipment requirements. 

In addition to 

the requirements in paragraphs (d) and 
(e) of this section, no person may oper-
ate an aircraft under IFR or in ex-
tended over-water operations unless it 
is equipped with at least: 

(1) Two microphones; and 
(2) Two headsets or one headset and 

one speaker. 

(g) 

Extended over-water exceptions. 

Notwithstanding the requirements of 
paragraphs (a), (d), and (e) of this sec-
tion, installation and use of a single 
long-range navigation system and a 
single long-range communication sys-
tem for extended over-water operations 
in certain geographic areas may be au-
thorized by the Administrator and ap-
proved in the certificate holder’s oper-
ations specifications. The following are 
among the operational factors the Ad-
ministrator may consider in granting 
an authorization: 

(1) The ability of the flight crew to 

navigate the airplane along the route 
within the degree of accuracy required 
for ATC; 

(2) The length of the route being 

flown; and 

(3) The duration of the very high fre-

quency communications gap. 

[Doc. No. FAA–2002–14002, 72 FR 31684, June 7, 
2007] 

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