463 

Federal Aviation Administration, DOT 

§ 135.245 

(3) The area, as specified in the cer-

tificate holder’s operations specifica-
tions, is an isolated area, as deter-
mined by the Flight Standards office, if 
it is shown that— 

(i) The primary means of navigation 

in the area is by pilotage, since radio 
navigational aids are largely ineffec-
tive; and 

(ii) The primary means of transpor-

tation in the area is by air; 

(4) Each flight is conducted under 

day VFR with a ceiling of not less than 
1,000 feet and visibility not less than 3 
statute miles; 

(5) Weather reports or forecasts, or 

any combination of them, indicate that 
for the period commencing with the 
planned departure and ending 30 min-
utes after the planned arrival at the 
destination the flight may be con-
ducted under VFR with a ceiling of not 
less than 1,000 feet and visibility of not 
less than 3 statute miles, except that if 
weather reports and forecasts are not 
available, the pilot in command may 
use that pilot’s observations or those 
of other persons competent to supply 
weather observations if those observa-
tions indicate the flight may be con-
ducted under VFR with the ceiling and 
visibility required in this paragraph; 

(6) The distance of each flight from 

the certificate holder’s base of oper-
ation to destination does not exceed 250 
nautical miles for a pilot who holds a 
commercial pilot certificate with an 
airplane rating without an instrument 
rating, provided the pilot’s certificate 
does not contain any limitation to the 
contrary; and 

(7) The areas to be flown are ap-

proved by the responsible Flight Stand-
ards office and are listed in the certifi-
cate holder’s operations specifications. 

[Doc. No. 16097, 43 FR 46783, Oct. 10, 1978; 
Amdt. 135–1, 43 FR 49975, Oct. 26, 1978, as 
amended by Amdt. 135–15, 46 FR 30971, June 
11, 1981; Amdt. 135–58, 60 FR 65939, Dec. 20, 
1995; Docket FAA–2018–0119, Amdt. 135–139, 83 
FR 9175, Mar. 5, 2018] 

§ 135.244

Operating experience. 

(a) No certificate holder may use any 

person, nor may any person serve, as a 
pilot in command of an aircraft oper-
ated in a commuter operation, as de-
fined in part 119 of this chapter unless 
that person has completed, prior to 

designation as pilot in command, on 
that make and basic model aircraft and 
in that crewmember position, the fol-
lowing operating experience in each 
make and basic model of aircraft to be 
flown: 

(1) Aircraft, single engine—10 hours. 
(2) Aircraft multiengine, recipro-

cating engine-powered—15 hours. 

(3) Aircraft multiengine, turbine en-

gine-powered—20 hours. 

(4) Airplane, turbojet-powered—25 

hours. 

(b) In acquiring the operating experi-

ence, each person must comply with 
the following: 

(1) The operating experience must be 

acquired after satisfactory completion 
of the appropriate ground and flight 
training for the aircraft and crew-
member position. Approved provisions 
for the operating experience must be 
included in the certificate holder’s 
training program. 

(2) The experience must be acquired 

in flight during commuter passenger- 
carrying operations under this part. 
However, in the case of an aircraft not 
previously used by the certificate hold-
er in operations under this part, oper-
ating experience acquired in the air-
craft during proving flights or ferry 
flights may be used to meet this re-
quirement. 

(3) Each person must acquire the op-

erating experience while performing 
the duties of a pilot in command under 
the supervision of a qualified check 
pilot. 

(4) The hours of operating experience 

may be reduced to not less than 50 per-
cent of the hours required by this sec-
tion by the substitution of one addi-
tional takeoff and landing for each 
hour of flight. 

[Doc. No. 20011, 45 FR 7541, Feb. 4, 1980, as 
amended by Amdt. 135–9, 45 FR 80461, Dec. 14, 
1980; Amdt. 135–58, 60 FR 65940, Dec. 20, 1995] 

§ 135.245

Second in command quali-

fications. 

(a) Except as provided in paragraph 

(b) of this section, no certificate holder 
may use any person, nor may any per-
son serve, as second in command of an 
aircraft unless that person holds at 
least a commercial pilot certificate 
with appropriate category and class 
ratings and an instrument rating. 

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