496 

14 CFR Ch. I (1–1–19 Edition) 

§ 135.411 

landing weight limitations in the Ap-
proved Airplane Flight Manual or 
equivalent for operations under this 
part. 

(b) No person may operate an air-

plane that is certificated under 
§ 135.169(b)(6) unless that person com-
plies with the landing limitations pre-
scribed in §§ 135.385 and 135.387 of this 
part. For purposes of this paragraph, 
§§ 135.385 and 135.387 are applicable to 
reciprocating and turbopropeller-pow-
ered small airplanes notwithstanding 
their stated applicability to turbine en-
gine powered large transport category 
airplanes. 

[44 FR 53731, Sept. 17, 1979] 

Subpart J—Maintenance, Preven-

tive Maintenance, and Alter-
ations 

§ 135.411

Applicability. 

(a) This subpart prescribes rules in 

addition to those in other parts of this 
chapter for the maintenance, preven-
tive maintenance, and alterations for 
each certificate holder as follows: 

(1) Aircraft that are type certificated 

for a passenger seating configuration, 
excluding any pilot seat, of nine seats 
or less, shall be maintained under parts 
91 and 43 of this chapter and §§ 135.415, 
135.417, 135.421 and 135.422. An approved 
aircraft inspection program may be 
used under § 135.419. 

(2) Aircraft that are type certificated 

for a passenger seating configuration, 
excluding any pilot seat, of ten seats or 
more, shall be maintained under a 
maintenance program in §§ 135.415, 
135.417, 135.423 through 135.443. 

(b) A certificate holder who is not 

otherwise required, may elect to main-
tain its aircraft under paragraph (a)(2) 
of this section. 

(c) Single engine aircraft used in pas-

senger-carrying IFR operations shall 
also be maintained in accordance with 
§ 135.421 (c), (d), and (e). 

(d) A certificate holder who elects to 

operate in accordance with § 135.364 
must maintain its aircraft under para-
graph (a)(2) of this section and the ad-

ditional requirements of Appendix G of 
this part. 

[Doc. No. 16097, 43 FR 46783, Oct. 10, 1978, as 
amended by Amdt. 135–70, 62 FR 42374, Aug. 6, 
1997; Amdt. 135–78, 65 FR 60556, Oct. 11, 2000; 
Amdt. 135–92, 68 FR 69308, Dec. 12, 2003; Amdt. 
135–81, 70 FR 5533, Feb. 2, 2005; Amdt. 135–108, 
72 FR 1885, Jan. 16, 2007; 72 FR 53114, Sept. 18, 
2007] 

§ 135.413

Responsibility for airworthi-

ness. 

(a) Each certificate holder is pri-

marily responsible for the airworthi-
ness of its aircraft, including air-
frames, aircraft engines, propellers, ro-
tors, appliances, and parts, and shall 
have its aircraft maintained under this 
chapter, and shall have defects repaired 
between required maintenance under 
part 43 of this chapter. 

(b) Each certificate holder who main-

tains its aircraft under § 135.411(a)(2) 
shall— 

(1) Perform the maintenance, preven-

tive maintenance, and alteration of its 
aircraft, including airframe, aircraft 
engines, propellers, rotors, appliances, 
emergency equipment and parts, under 
its manual and this chapter; or 

(2) Make arrangements with another 

person for the performance of mainte-
nance, preventive maintenance, or al-
teration. However, the certificate hold-
er shall ensure that any maintenance, 
preventive maintenance, or alteration 
that is performed by another person is 
performed under the certificate hold-
er’s manual and this chapter. 

§ 135.415

Service difficulty reports. 

(a) Each certificate holder shall re-

port the occurrence or detection of 
each failure, malfunction, or defect in 
an aircraft concerning— 

(1) Fires during flight and whether 

the related fire-warning system func-
tioned properly; 

(2) Fires during flight not protected 

by related fire-warning system; 

(3) False fire-warning during flight; 
(4) An exhaust system that causes 

damage during flight to the engine, ad-
jacent structure, equipment, or compo-
nents; 

(5) An aircraft component that 

causes accumulation or circulation of 
smoke, vapor, or toxic or noxious 

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