Pt. 141, App. F

14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)

3. Aeronautical knowledge training. (a) Each
approved course must include at least the
following ground training in the aeronautical knowledge areas listed in paragraph
(b) of this section:
(1) 40 hours of training if the course is for
an initial issuance of a flight instructor certificate; or
(2) 20 hours of training if the course is for
an additional flight instructor rating.
(b) Ground training must include the following aeronautical knowledge areas:
(1) The fundamentals of instructing including - 
(i) The learning process;
(ii) Elements of effective teaching;
(iii) Student evaluation and testing;
(iv) Course development;
(v) Lesson planning; and
(vi) Classroom training techniques.
(2) The aeronautical knowledge areas in
which training is required for - 
(i) A recreational, private, and commercial
pilot certificate that is appropriate to the
aircraft category and class rating for which
the course applies; and
(ii) An instrument rating that is appropriate to the aircraft category and class rating for which the course applies, if the
course is for an airplane or powered-lift aircraft rating.
(c) A student who satisfactorily completes
2 years of study on the principles of education at a college or university may be
credited with no more than 20 hours of the
training required in paragraph (a)(1) of this
section.
4. Flight training. (a) Each approved course
must include at least the following flight
training on the approved areas of operation
of paragraph (c) of this section appropriate
to the flight instructor rating for which the
course applies:
(1) 25 hours, if the course is for an airplane,
rotorcraft, or powered-lift rating; and
(2) 10 hours, which must include 10 flights,
if the course is for a glider category rating.
(b) For the use of flight simulators or
flight training devices:
(1) The course may include training in a
full flight simulator or flight training device, provided it is representative of the aircraft for which the course is approved, meets
the requirements of this paragraph, and the
training is given by an authorized instructor.
(2) Training in a full flight simulator that
meets the requirements of Section 141.41(a), may be
credited for a maximum of 10 percent of the
total flight training hour requirements of
the approved course, or of this section,
whichever is less.
(3) Training in a flight training device that
meets the requirements of Section 141.41(a), may be
credited for a maximum of 5 percent of the
total flight training hour requirements of

the approved course, or of this section,
whichever is less.
(4) Training in full flight simulators or
flight training devices described in paragraphs (b)(2) and (3) of this section, if used in
combination, may be credited for a maximum of 10 percent of the total flight training hour requirements of the approved
course, or of this section, whichever is less.
However, credit for training in a flight training device that meets the requirements of
Section 141.41(a) cannot exceed the limitation provided for in paragraph (b)(3) of this section.
(c) Each approved course must include
flight training on the approved areas of operation listed in this paragraph that are appropriate to the aircraft category and class rating for which the course applies - 
(1) For an airplane - single-engine course: (i)
Fundamentals of instructing;
(ii) Technical subject areas;
(iii) Preflight preparation;
(iv) Preflight lesson on a maneuver to be
performed in flight;
(v) Preflight procedures;
(vi) Airport and seaplane base operations;
(vii) Takeoffs, landings, and go-arounds;
(viii) Fundamentals of flight;
(ix) Performance maneuvers;
(x) Ground reference maneuvers;
(xi) Slow flight, stalls, and spins;
(xii) Basic instrument maneuvers;
(xiii) Emergency operations; and
(xiv) Postflight procedures.
(2) For an airplane - multiengine course: (i)
Fundamentals of instructing;
(ii) Technical subject areas;
(iii) Preflight preparation;
(iv) Preflight lesson on a maneuver to be
performed in flight;
(v) Preflight procedures;
(vi) Airport and seaplane base operations;
(vii) Takeoffs, landings, and go-arounds;
(viii) Fundamentals of flight;
(ix) Performance maneuvers;
(x) Ground reference maneuvers;
(xi) Slow flight and stalls;
(xii) Basic instrument maneuvers;
(xiii) Emergency operations;
(xiv) Multiengine operations; and
(xv) Postflight procedures.
(3) For a rotorcraft - helicopter course: (i)
Fundamentals of instructing;
(ii) Technical subject areas;
(iii) Preflight preparation;
(iv) Preflight lesson on a maneuver to be
performed in flight;
(v) Preflight procedures;
(vi) Airport and heliport operations;
(vii) Hovering maneuvers;
(viii) Takeoffs, landings, and go-arounds;
(ix) Fundamentals of flight;
(x) Performance maneuvers;
(xi) Emergency operations;
(xii) Special operations; and
(xiii) Postflight procedures.

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