324
14 CFR Ch. I (1–1–14 Edition)
§ 23.1541
M
ARKINGS
A
ND
P
LACARDS
§ 23.1541
General.
(a) The airplane must contain—
(1) The markings and placards speci-
fied in §§ 23.1545 through 23.1567; and
(2) Any additional information, in-
strument markings, and placards re-
quired for the safe operation if it has
unusual design, operating, or handling
characteristics.
(b) Each marking and placard pre-
scribed in paragraph (a) of this sec-
tion—
(1) Must be displayed in a con-
spicuous place; and
(2) May not be easily erased, dis-
figured, or obscured.
(c) For airplanes which are to be cer-
tificated in more than one category—
(1) The applicant must select one cat-
egory upon which the placards and
markings are to be based; and
(2) The placards and marking infor-
mation for all categories in which the
airplane is to be certificated must be
furnished in the Airplane Flight Man-
ual.
[Doc. No. 4080, 29 FR 17955, Dec. 18, 1964; 30
FR 258, Jan. 9, 1965, as amended by Amdt. 23–
21, 43 FR 2319, Jan. 16, 1978]
§ 23.1543
Instrument markings: Gen-
eral.
For each instrument—
(a) When markings are on the cover
glass of the instrument, there must be
means to maintain the correct align-
ment of the glass cover with the face of
the dial; and
(b) Each arc and line must be wide
enough and located to be clearly visi-
ble to the pilot.
(c) All related instruments must be
calibrated in compatible units.
[Doc. No. 4080, 29 FR 17955, Dec. 18, 1964; 30
FR 258, Jan. 9, 1965, as amended by Amdt. 23–
50, 61 FR 5192, Feb. 9, 1996]
§ 23.1545
Airspeed indicator.
(a) Each airspeed indicator must be
marked as specified in paragraph (b) of
this section, with the marks located at
the corresponding indicated airspeeds.
(b) The following markings must be
made:
(1) For the never-exceed speed
V
NE,
a
radial red line.
(2) For the caution range, a yellow
arc extending from the red line speci-
fied in paragraph (b)(1) of this section
to the upper limit of the green arc
specified in paragraph (b)(3) of this sec-
tion.
(3) For the normal operating range, a
green arc with the lower limit at
V
S1
with maximum weight and with land-
ing gear and wing flaps retracted, and
the upper limit at the maximum struc-
tural cruising speed
V
NO
established
under § 23.1505(b).
(4) For the flap operating range, a
white arc with the lower limit at
V
S0
at
the maximum weight, and the upper
limit at the flaps-extended speed
V
FE
established under § 23.1511.
(5) For reciprocating multiengine-
powered airplanes of 6,000 pounds or
less maximum weight, for the speed at
which compliance has been shown with
§ 23.69(b) relating to rate of climb at
maximum weight and at sea level, a
blue radial line.
(6) For reciprocating multiengine-
powered airplanes of 6,000 pounds or
less maximum weight, for the max-
imum value of minimum control speed,
V
MC
, (one-engine-inoperative) deter-
mined under § 23.149(b), a red radial
line.
(c) If
V
NE
or
V
NO
vary with altitude,
there must be means to indicate to the
pilot the appropriate limitations
throughout the operating altitude
range.
(d) Paragraphs (b)(1) through (b)(4)
and paragraph (c) of this section do not
apply to airplanes for which a max-
imum operating speed V
MO
/M
MO
is es-
tablished under § 23.1505(c). For those
airplanes, there must either be a max-
imum allowable airspeed indication
showing the variation of V
MO
/M
MO
with
altitude or compressibility limitations
(as appropriate), or a radial red line
marking for V
MO
/M
MO
must be made at
lowest value of V
MO
/M
MO
established for
any altitude up to the maximum oper-
ating altitude for the airplane.
[Doc. No. 4080, 29 FR 17955, Dec. 18, 1964, as
amended by Amdt. 23–3, 30 FR 14240, Nov. 13,
1965; Amdt. 23–7, 34 FR 13097, Aug. 13, 1969;
Amdt. 23–23, 43 FR 50593, Oct. 30, 1978; Amdt.
23–50, 61 FR 5193, Feb. 9, 1996; Amdt. 23–62, 76
FR 75762, Dec. 2, 2011]
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