672 

14 CFR Ch. I (1–1–14 Edition) 

§ 27.831 

(1) Consist of a movable window or 

panel, or additional external door, pro-
viding an unobstructed opening that 
will admit a 19-by 26-inch ellipse; 

(2) Have simple and obvious methods 

of opening, from the inside and from 
the outside, which do not require ex-
ceptional effort; 

(3) Be arranged and marked so as to 

be readily located and opened even in 
darkness; and 

(4) Be reasonably protected from 

jamming by fuselage deformation. 

(c) 

Tests.  The proper functioning of 

each emergency exit must be shown by 
test. 

(d) 

Ditching emergency exits for pas-

sengers.  If certification with ditching 
provisions is requested, the markings 
required by paragraph (b)(3) of this sec-
tion must be designed to remain visible 
if the rotorcraft is capsized and the 
cabin is submerged. 

[Doc. No. 29247, 64 FR 45094, Aug. 18, 1999] 

§ 27.831

Ventilation. 

(a) The ventilating system for the 

pilot and passenger compartments 
must be designed to prevent the pres-
ence of excessive quantities of fuel 
fumes and carbon monoxide. 

(b) The concentration of carbon mon-

oxide may not exceed one part in 20,000 
parts of air during forward flight or 
hovering in still air. If the concentra-
tion exceeds this value under other 
conditions, there must be suitable op-
erating restrictions. 

§ 27.833

Heaters. 

Each combustion heater must be ap-

proved. 

[Amdt. 27–23, 53 FR 34210, Sept. 2, 1988] 

F

IRE

P

ROTECTION

 

§ 27.853

Compartment interiors. 

For each compartment to be used by 

the crew or passengers— 

(a) The materials must be at least 

flame-resistant; 

(b) [Reserved] 
(c) If smoking is to be prohibited, 

there must be a placard so stating, and 
if smoking is to be allowed— 

(1) There must be an adequate num-

ber of self-contained, removable ash-
trays; and 

(2) Where the crew compartment is 

separated from the passenger compart-
ment, there must be at least one illu-
minated sign (using either letters or 
symbols) notifying all passengers when 
smoking is prohibited. Signs which no-
tify when smoking is prohibited must— 

(i) When illuminated, be legible to 

each passenger seated in the passenger 
cabin under all probable lighting condi-
tions; and 

(ii) Be so constructed that the crew 

can turn the illumination on and off. 

[Amdt. 27–17, 45 FR 7755, Feb. 4, 1980, as 
amended by Amdt. 27–37, 64 FR 45095, Aug. 18, 
1999] 

§ 27.855

Cargo and baggage compart-

ments. 

(a) Each cargo and baggage compart-

ment must be constructed of, or lined 
with, materials that are at least— 

(1) Flame resistant, in the case of 

compartments that are readily acces-
sible to a crewmember in flight; and 

(2) Fire resistant, in the case of other 

compartments. 

(b) No compartment may contain any 

controls, wiring, lines, equipment, or 
accessories whose damage or failure 
would affect safe operation, unless 
those items are protected so that— 

(1) They cannot be damaged by the 

movement of cargo in the compart-
ment; and 

(2) Their breakage or failure will not 

create a fire hazard. 

§ 27.859

Heating systems. 

(a) 

General.  For each heating system 

that involves the passage of cabin air 
over, or close to, the exhaust manifold, 
there must be means to prevent carbon 
monoxide from entering any cabin or 
pilot compartment. 

(b) 

Heat exchangers. Each heat ex-

changer must be— 

(1) Of suitable materials; 
(2) Adequately cooled under all con-

ditions; and 

(3) Easily disassembled for inspec-

tion. 

(c) 

Combustion heater fire protection. 

Except for heaters which incorporate 
designs to prevent hazards in the event 
of fuel leakage in the heater fuel sys-
tem, fire within the ventilating air pas-
sage, or any other heater malfunction, 
each heater zone must incorporate the 

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