897 

Federal Aviation Administration, DOT 

§ 34.60 

of the applicable standard for each pol-
lutant, the applicant may use engineer-
ing analysis consistent with good engi-
neering judgment to demonstrate that 
the derivative engine will not exceed 
the applicable emission standards. The 
engineering analysis must address all 
modifications from the original engine, 
including those approved for previous 
derivative engines. 

(c) 

Continued production allowance. 

Derivative engines for emissions cer-
tification purposes may continue to be 
produced after the applicability date 
for new emissions standards when the 
engines conform to the specifications 
of this section. 

(d) 

Non-derivative engines. If the FAA 

determines that an engine model does 
not meet the requirements for a deriva-
tive engine for emissions certification 
purposes, the type certificate holder is 
required to demonstrate that the en-
gine complies with the emissions 
standards applicable to a new engine 
type. 

[Doc. No. 34–5, 77 FR 76852, Dec. 31, 2012] 

Subpart F [Reserved] 

Subpart G—Test Procedures for 

Engine Exhaust Gaseous Emis-
sions (Aircraft and Aircraft 
Gas Turbine Engines) 

§ 34.60

Introduction. 

(a) Use the equipment and procedures 

specified in Appendix 3, Appendix 5, 
and Appendix 6 of ICAO Annex 16, as 
applicable, to demonstrate whether en-
gines meet the applicable gaseous 
emission standards specified in subpart 
C of this part. Measure the emissions of 
all regulated gaseous pollutants. Use 
the equipment and procedures specified 
in Appendix 2 and Appendix 6 of ICAO 
Annex 16 to determine whether engines 
meet the applicable smoke standard 
specified in subpart C of this part. The 
compliance demonstration consists of 
establishing a mean value from testing 
the specified number of engines, then 

calculating a ‘‘characteristic level’’ by 
applying a set of statistical factors 
that take into account the number of 
engines tested. Round each char-
acteristic level to the same number of 
decimal places as the corresponding 
emission standard. For turboprop en-
gines, use the procedures specified for 
turbofan engines, consistent with good 
engineering judgment. 

(b) Use a test fuel that meets the 

specifications described in Appendix 4 
of ICAO Annex 16. The test fuel must 
not have additives whose purpose is to 
suppress smoke, such as 
organometallic compounds. 

(c) Prepare test engines by including 

accessories that are available with pro-
duction engines if they can reasonably 
be expected to influence emissions. The 
test engine may not extract shaft 
power or bleed service air to provide 
power to auxiliary gearbox-mounted 
components required to drive aircraft 
systems. 

(d) Test engines must reach a steady 

operating temperature before the start 
of emission measurements. 

(e) In consultation with the EPA, the 

FAA may approve alternative proce-
dures for measuring emissions, includ-
ing testing and sampling methods, ana-
lytical techniques, and equipment 
specifications that differ from those 
specified in this part. Manufacturers 
and operators may request approval of 
alternative procedures by written re-
quest with supporting justification to 
the FAA Aircraft Certification Office 
and to the Designated EPA Program 
Officer. To be approved, one of the fol-
lowing conditions must be met: 

(1) The engine cannot be tested using 

the specified procedures; or 

(2) The alternative procedure is 

shown to be equivalent to, or more ac-
curate or precise than, the specified 
procedure. 

(f) The following landing and takeoff 

(LTO) cycles apply for emissions test-
ing and for calculating weighted LTO 
values: 

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