consideration is given to an abnormally early turn.
Therefore, when an early missed approach is
executed, pilots should, unless otherwise cleared by
ATC, fly the IAP as specified on the approach plate
to the missed approach point at or above the MDA or
DH before executing a turning maneuver.

c. If visual reference is lost while circling-to-land

from an instrument approach, the missed approach

specified for that particular procedure must be

followed (unless an alternate missed approach

procedure is specified by ATC). To become

established on the prescribed missed approach

course, the pilot should make an initial climbing turn

toward the landing runway and continue the turn until

established on the missed approach course. Inasmuch

as the circling maneuver may be accomplished in

more than one direction, different patterns will be
required to become established on the prescribed
missed approach course, depending on the aircraft
position at the time visual reference is lost.
Adherence to the procedure will help assure that an

aircraft will remain laterally within the circling and

missed approach obstruction clearance areas. Refer

to paragraph h concerning vertical obstruction

clearance when starting a missed approach at other

than the MAP. (See FIG 5-4-30.)

d. At locations where ATC radar service is
provided, the pilot should conform to radar vectors
when provided by ATC in lieu of the published

missed approach procedure. (See FIG 5-4-31.)

e. Some locations may have a preplanned alternate
missed approach procedure for use in the event the
primary NAVAID used for the missed approach
procedure is unavailable. To avoid confusion, the
alternate missed approach instructions are not
published on the chart. However, the alternate missed
approach holding pattern will be depicted on the
instrument approach chart for pilot situational
awareness and to assist ATC by not having to issue
detailed holding instructions. The alternate missed
approach may be based on NAVAIDs not used in the
approach procedure or the primary missed approach.
When the alternate missed approach procedure is
implemented by NOTAM, it becomes a mandatory

part of the procedure. The NOTAM will specify both
the textual instructions and any additional equipment
requirements necessary to complete the procedure.
Air traffic may also issue instructions for the alternate
missed approach when necessary, such as when the
primary missed approach NAVAID fails during the
approach. Pilots may reject an ATC clearance for an

alternate missed approach that requires equipment

not necessary for the published approach procedure

when the alternate missed approach is issued after

beginning the approach. However, when the alternate

missed approach is issued prior to beginning the

approach the pilot must either accept the entire

procedure (including the alternate missed approach),

request a different approach procedure, or coordinate

with ATC for alternative action to be taken, i.e.,

proceed to an alternate airport, etc.

f. When approach has been missed, request
clearance for specific action; i.e., to alternative
airport, another approach, etc.

g. Pilots must ensure that they have climbed to a

safe altitude prior to proceeding off the published

missed approach, especially in nonradar

environments. Abandoning the missed approach

prior to reaching the published altitude may not

provide adequate terrain clearance. Additional climb
may be required after reaching the holding pattern
before proceeding back to the IAF or to an alternate.

h. A clearance for an instrument approach

procedure includes a clearance to fly the published
missed approach procedure, unless otherwise
instructed by ATC. The published missed approach
procedure provides obstacle clearance only when the
missed approach is conducted on the missed
approach segment from or above the missed approach
point, and assumes a climb rate of 200 feet/NM or
higher, as published. If the aircraft initiates a missed
approach at a point other than the missed approach
point (see paragraph 5-4-5b), from below MDA or
DA (H), or on a circling approach, obstacle clearance
is not necessarily provided by following the
published missed approach procedure, nor is
separation assured from other air traffic in the
vicinity.