14CFR vol3 part135 - 137 pages

Page 1 -   PAGE

1986]
Section 133.49
(a) A placard (displayed in the cockpit or cabin) stating th...
Section 133.35(a).
(b) A placard, marking, or instruction (displayed next to th...
25, 2016]
Section 133.51
29 of this chapter (or their predecessor
PART 135 - OPERATING REQUIREMENTS: COMMUTER AND ON DEMAND OP...
50-2 [NOTE]
71 [NOTE]
89 [NOTE]
97 [NOTE]
Subpart A - General
135.1 Applicability.
135.2 Compliance schedule for operators
135.3 Rules applicable to operations subject
135.4 Applicability of rules for eligible ondemand operation...
135.7 Applicability of rules to unauthorized
135.12 Previously trained crewmembers.
135.19 Emergency operations.
...

Page 2 -   PAGE

14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)
135.95 Airmen: Limitations on use of services.
135.97 Aircraft and facilities for recent
135.98 Operations in the North Polar Area.
135.99 Composition of flight crew.
135.100 Flight crewmember duties.
135.101 Second in command required under
135.103 [Reserved]
135.105 Exception to second in command requirement: Approval...
135.107 Flight attendant crewmember requirement.
135.109 Pilot in command or second in command: Designation r...
135.111 Second in command required in Category II operations...
135.113 Passenger occupancy of pilot seat.
135.115 Manipulation of controls.
135.117 Briefing of passengers before flight.
135.119 Prohibition against carriage of
135.120 Prohibition on interference with
135.121 Alcoholic beverages.
135.122 Stowage of food, beverage, and passenger service equ...
135.123 Emergency and emergency evacuation duties.
135.125 Aircraft security.
...

Page 3 -   PAGE

135.243 Pilot in command qualifications.
135.244 Operating experience.
135.245 Second in command qualifications.
135.247 Pilot qualifications: Recent experience.
135.249-135.255 [Reserved]
Subpart F - Crewmember Flight Time and
135.261 Applicability.
135.263 Flight time limitations and rest requirements: All c...
135.265 Flight time limitations and rest requirements: Sched...
135.267 Flight time limitations and rest requirements: Unsch...
135.269 Flight time limitations and rest requirements: Unsch...
135.271 Helicopter hospital emergency medical evacuation ser...
135.273 Duty period limitations and rest
Subpart G - Crewmember Testing
135.291 Applicability.
135.293 Initial and recurrent pilot testing
135.295 Initial and recurrent flight attendant crewmember te...
135.297 Pilot in command: Instrument proficiency check requi...
135.299 Pilot in command: Line checks:
135.301 Crewmember: Tests and checks,
Subpart H - Training
...

Page 4 -   PAGE

14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)
135.393 Large nontransport category airplanes: Landing limit...
135.395 Large nontransport category airplanes: Landing limit...
135.397 Small transport category airplane
135.398 Commuter category airplanes performance operating li...
135.399 Small nontransport category airplane performance ope...
Subpart J - Maintenance, Preventive
135.411 Applicability.
135.413 Responsibility for airworthiness.
135.415 Service difficulty reports.
135.417 Mechanical interruption summary
135.419 Approved aircraft inspection program.
135.421 Additional
135.422 Aging airplane inspections and
135.423 Maintenance, preventive maintenance, and alteration ...
135.425 Maintenance, preventive maintenance, and alteration ...
135.426 Contract maintenance.
135.427 Manual requirements.
135.429 Required inspection personnel.
135.431 Continuing analysis and surveillance.
135.433 Maintenance and preventive maintenance training prog...
...

Page 5 -   PAGE

Section 135.2
Subpart A - General
Section 135.1 Applicability.
(a) This part prescribes rules governing - 
121 and each person employed or used
(b) [Reserved]
(c) An operator who does not hold a
Section 135.2 Compliance schedule for operators that transit...
(a) Applicability. This section applies
14 CFR part 121 before January 19, 1996,
(i) Nontransport category turbopropeller powered airplanes t...
10-19 seats;
19, 1996, applies for or obtains an initial
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 6 -   PAGE

Section 135.2
14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)
(b) Obtaining operations specifications.
(a)(1)(ii), or (a)(1)(iii) of this section in
(c) Regular or accelerated compliance.
(a)(2) of this section shall comply with
(d) Delayed compliance dates. Unless
(i) December 20, 1997:
Section 121.157(f), the Airplane Performance
12,
1999:
121.310(b)(1), Interior emergency exit
(i) December 20, 1997:
121.305(j), Third attitude indicator.
(e) Newly manufactured airplanes. No
10-19 seats:
(i) Manufactured on or after March
20, 1997:
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 7 -   PAGE

Section 135.3
12, 1999: Section 121.310(b)(1), Interior
20, 1997: Section 121.305(j), Third attitude indicator.
(f) New type certification requirements.
(g) Transition plan. Before March 19,
1996 each certificate holder described in
14, 1996; Amdt. 135-66, 62 FR 13257, Mar. 19,
1997]
Section 135.3 Rules applicable to operations
(a) Each person operating an aircraft
Section 91.703(b) of this chapter.
(b) Each certificate holder that conducts commuter operation...
(c) If authorized by the Administrator upon application, eac...
14, 1996; Amdt. 135-127A, 78 FR 77574, Dec. 24,
2013; Docket FAA-2010-0100, Amdt. 135-127B,
81 FR 2, Jan. 4, 2016]
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 8 -   PAGE

Section 135.4
14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)
Section 135.4 Applicability of rules for eligible on-demand ...
(a) An  - eligible on-demand operation -  is an on-demand op...
(i) Total flight time for all pilots:
(i) Landings at the destination airport when a Destination A...
(b) The Administrator may authorize
(a)(4) of this section if the responsible
(c) An eligible on-demand operation
135.385(f), and 135.387(b) instead of the
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 9 -   PAGE

Section 135.21
17, 2003, as amended by Docket FAA-2018-
0119, Amdt. 135-139, 83 FR 9175, Mar. 5, 2018]
135-139, 83 FR 9175, Mar. 5, 2018]
Section 135.7 Applicability of rules to unauthorized operato...
Section 135.21
20, 1995]
Section 135.12 Previously
121 of this chapter. The crewmember
Section 135.19
(a) In an emergency involving the
(b) In an emergency involving the
(c) Each person who, under the authority of this section, de...
(a) Each certificate holder, other
(b) Each certificate holder shall
(c) The manual must not be contrary
(d) A copy of the manual, or appropriate portions of the man...
(e) Each employee of the certificate
(f) Except as provided in paragraph
(h) of this section, each certificate
08:20 May 17, 2019
...

Page 10 -   PAGE

Section 135.23
14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)
(g) For the purpose of complying
(h) If a certificate holder conducts
1982; Amdt. 135-58, 60 FR 65939, Dec. 20, 1995;
Section 135.23 Manual contents.
(a) The name of each management
(b) Procedures for ensuring compliance with aircraft weight ...
Section 135.185;
(c) Copies of the certificate holder-s
(d) Procedures for complying with accident notification requ...
(e) Procedures for ensuring that the
(f) Procedures for reporting and recording mechanical irregu...
(g) Procedures to be followed by the
(h) Procedures to be followed by the
(i) Procedures under Section 135.179 for the
(j) Procedures for refueling aircraft,
(k) Procedures to be followed by the
Section 135.117;
(l) Flight locating procedures, when
(m) Procedures for ensuring compliance with emergency proced...
...

Page 11 -   PAGE

Section 135.25
(v) Packaging of company material;
(i) Procedures for rejecting packages
171 through 180 or that appear to contain undeclared hazardo...
175.33) are complied with; and
180 are properly handled, packaged, and
(q) Procedures for the evacuation of
(r) If required by Section 135.385, an approved Destination ...
(s) Other procedures and policy instructions regarding the c...
1986; Amdt. 135-58, 60 FR 65939, Dec. 20, 1995;
Section 135.25 Aircraft requirements.
(a) Except as provided in paragraph
(d) of this section, no certificate holder
(b) Each certificate holder must have
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 12 -   PAGE

Section 135.41
14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)
(c) For the purposes of paragraph (b)
(d) A certificate holder may operate
1980; Amdt. 135-66, 62 FR 13257, Mar. 19, 1997]
Section 135.41 Carriage of narcotic drugs,
Section 135.43 Crewmember
(a) This section describes the certificates that were issued...
(b) The holder of a certificate issued
135-139, 83 FR 9175, Mar. 5, 2018]
Subpart B - Flight Operations
Section 135.61
Section 135.63
(a) Each certificate holder shall keep
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 13 -   PAGE

Section 135.64
(i) The full name of the pilot.
(v) The effective date and class of the
(x) The date of the completion of the
(b) Each certificate holder must keep
(a)(3) of this section for at least 6
(c) For multiengine aircraft, each
(d) The pilot in command of an aircraft for which a load man...
19, 1994]
Section 135.64 Retention of contracts and
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 14 -   PAGE

Section 135.65
14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)
14, 1996; Amdt. 135-66, 62 FR 13257, Mar. 19,
1997]
Section 135.65 Reporting mechanical irregularities.
(a) Each certificate holder shall provide an aircraft mainte...
(b) The pilot in command shall enter
(c) Each person who takes corrective
(d) Each certificate holder shall establish a procedure for ...
Section 135.67 Reporting
1979; Amdt. 135-110, 72 FR 31684, June 7, 2007]
Section 135.69 Restriction or suspension of
(a) During operations under this part,
(b) No pilot in command may allow a
Section 135.71 Airworthiness check.
Section 135.419, whichever is applicable, have
18, 1989]
Section 135.73 Inspections and tests.
Section 135.75 Inspectors credentials: Admission to pilots- ...
(a) Whenever, in performing the duties of conducting an insp...
110A, to the pilot in command of an
...

Page 15 -   PAGE

Section 135.81
(b) A forward observer-s seat on the
Section 135.76 DOD Commercial Air Carrier
(a) Whenever, in performing the duties of conducting an eval...
(b) A forward observer-s seat on the
10, 2003]
Section 135.77 Responsibility for operational
Section 135.78 Instrument approach procedures and IFR landin...
2007]
Section 135.79
(a) Each certificate holder must have
(b) Flight locating information shall
(c) Each certificate holder shall furnish the representative...
7, 2007]
Section 135.81 Informing personnel of operational informatio...
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 16 -   PAGE

Section 135.83
14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)
(a) Airman-s Information Manual
(b) This part and part 91 of this chapter.
(c) Aircraft Equipment Manuals, and
(d) For foreign operations, the International Flight Informa...
Section 135.83 Operating
(a) The operator of an aircraft must
Section 135.181(a)(2).
(b) Each cockpit checklist required
(c) Each emergency cockpit checklist
Section 135.85 Carriage of persons without
(a) A crewmember or other employee
(b) A person necessary for the safe
(c) A person necessary for the safe
(d) A person performing duty as a security or honor guard ac...
(e) A military courier or a military
(f) An authorized representative of
(g) A person, authorized by the Administrator, who is perfor...
(h) A DOD commercial air carrier
10, 2003]
...

Page 17 -   PAGE

Section 135.91
(d) Each passenger seat under which
(e) When cargo is carried in cargo
Section 135.89 Pilot requirements: Use of oxygen.
(a) Unpressurized aircraft. Each pilot
(b) Pressurized aircraft. (1) Whenever a
10,000 feet MSL, each pilot shall comply with paragraph (a) ...
(i) At least one pilot at the controls
(b)(2)(i) of this section.
Section 135.91 Oxygen and portable oxygen
(a) Except as provided in paragraphs
(d) and (e) of this section, no certificate holder may allow...
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 18 -   PAGE

Section 135.91
14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)
(i) Of an approved type or in conformity with the manufactur...
Section 173.24(a)(1);
(v) Appropriately secured.
(i) When owned by the certificate
(b) No person may smoke or create
(f) of this section.
(c) No certificate holder may allow
(d) Paragraph (a)(1)(i) of this section
(e) Each certificate holder who, under
(a)(1)(i) of this section under a medical
(f) Portable oxygen concentrators - (1)
(f):
(i) Is legally marketed in the United
(v) Bears a label on the exterior of
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 19 -   PAGE

Section 135.93
2016:
(i) Exit seats. No person operating a
1996; Docket FAA-2014-0554, Amdt. 135-133, 81
Section 135.93 Minimum altitudes for use of
(a) Definitions. For purpose of this
(b) Takeoff and initial climb. No person
(c) Enroute. No person may use an
(d) Approach. No person may use an
(i) An altitude no lower than twice
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 20 -   PAGE

Section 135.95
14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)
(i) The minimum use altitude specified for the coupled appro...
(i) 50 feet; or
(e) Go-Around/Missed Approach. No
(f) Landing. Notwithstanding paragraph (d) of this section, ...
(g) This section does not apply to operations conducted in r...
2014]
Section 135.95 Airmen: Limitations on use of
(a) No certificate holder may use the
(b) A certificate holder may obtain
Section 135.97 Aircraft and facilities for recent flight exp...
Section 135.98 Operations in the North Polar
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 21 -   PAGE

Section 135.99
(a) The designation of airports that
(b) Except for all-cargo operations, a
(c) A fuel-freeze strategy and procedures for monitoring fue...
(d) A plan to ensure communication
(e) An MEL for operations in the
(f) A training plan for operations in
(g) A plan for mitigating crew exposure to radiation during ...
(h) A plan for providing at least two
2007, as amended by Amdt. 135-112, 73 FR
8798, Feb. 15, 2008]
Section 135.99 Composition of flight crew.
(a) No certificate holder may operate
(b) No certificate holder may operate
(c) Except as provided in paragraph
(d) of this section, a certificate holder
(i) Maintains records for each assigned second in command co...
(i) An airspeed indicator;
(v) Gyroscopic direction indicator;
(i) The second in command qualifications in Section 135.245;
08:20 May 17, 2019
...

Page 22 -   PAGE

Section 135.100
14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)
(i) Has been fully qualified to serve as
(d) The following certificate holders
Section 119.69(a) of this chapter.
Section 135.100 Flight crewmember duties.
(a) No certificate holder shall require, nor may any flight ...
(b) No flight crewmember may engage in, nor may any pilot in...
(c) For the purposes of this section,
Section 135.101 Second in command required
Section 135.103
Section 135.105 Exception to second in command requirement: ...
(a) Except as provided in SectionSection 135.99 and
135.111, unless two pilots are required
(b) The certificate holder may apply
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 23 -   PAGE

Section 135.117
(c) The Administrator issues an
1980; Amdt. 135-58, 60 FR 65939, Dec. 20, 1995]
Section 135.107 Flight
Section 135.109 Pilot in command or second
(a) Each certificate holder shall designate a - 
(b) The pilot in command, as designated by the certificate h...
Section 135.111 Second in command required
Section 135.113 Passenger occupancy of pilot
15, 1971, that has a passenger seating
Section 135.115 Manipulation of controls.
(a) A pilot employed by the certificate holder and qualified...
(b) An authorized safety representative of the Administrator...
Section 135.117 Briefing of passengers before
(a) Before each takeoff each pilot in
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 24 -   PAGE

Section 135.119
14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)
Section 135.168(a), use of life preservers, ditching procedu...
(b) Before each takeoff the pilot in
(c) The oral briefing required by
(d) Notwithstanding the provisions of
(e) The oral briefing required by
(f) The briefing required by paragraph (a) may be delivered ...
1986; Amdt. 135-25, 53 FR 12362, Apr. 13, 1988;
2004; Amdt. 135-129, 79 FR 9973, Feb. 21, 2014]
Section 135.119 Prohibition against carriage
(a) Officials or employees of a municipality or a State, or ...
(b) Crewmembers and other persons
Section 135.120 Prohibition on interference
1999]
Section 135.121
(a) No person may drink any alcoholic beverage aboard an air...
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 25 -   PAGE

Section 135.127
(b) No certificate holder may serve
(c) No certificate holder may allow
Section 135.122 Stowage of food, beverage,
(a) No certificate holder may move
(b) No certificate holder may move
(c) No certificate holder may permit
(d) Each passenger shall comply with
Section 135.123 Emergency and
(a) Each certificate holder shall assign to each required cr...
(b) The certificate holder shall describe in the manual requ...
Section 135.21 the functions of each category
Section 135.125
Section 135.127 Passenger information requirements and smoki...
(a) No person may conduct a scheduled flight on which smokin...
Section 25.1541 of this chapter are posted during the entire...
(b) No person may smoke while a  - No
(i) During aircraft movement on the
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 26 -   PAGE

Section 135.128
14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)
Section 110.2 of this chapter may authorize
(i) Smoking on the flight deck is not
(c) No person may smoke in any aircraft lavatory.
(d) No person may operate an aircraft
(e) No person may tamper with, disable, or destroy any smoke...
(f) On flight segments other than
(g) The passenger information requirements prescribed in Sec...
(d) of this chapter are in addition to
(h) Each passenger shall comply with
15, 1990; Amdt. 135-44, 57 FR 42675, Sept. 15,
1992; Amdt. 135-60, 61 FR 2616, Jan. 26, 1996;
135-124, 76 FR 7491, Feb. 10, 2011]
Section 135.128 Use of safety belts and child
(a) Except as provided in this paragraph, each person on boa...
(a)(2)(i) of this section, provided:
(i) The child is accompanied by a parent, guardian, or atten...
(a)(2)(ii)(D) of this section, the approved child restraint ...
08:20 May 17, 2019
...

Page 27 -   PAGE

Section 135.129
Section 21.305(d) (2010 ed.) of this chapter may
Section 135.128(a)(2)(ii)(C)(3)
Section 135.128(a)(2)(ii)(C)(4),
(b) Except as provided in paragraph
(b)(3) of this section, the following prohibitions apply to ...
(a)(2)(ii)(C)(3)
Section 135.128
(a)(2)(ii)(C)(4), no certificate holder
(b)(1) of this section, no certificate
(i) The child holds a ticket for an approved seat or berth o...
(a)(2)(i) of this section are met;
(a)(2)(iii) of this section are met; and
(a)(2)(ii)(A)
(a)(2)(ii)(C) of this section.
4, 1996; Amdt. 135-100, 70 FR 50907, Aug. 26,
2005; Amdt. 135-106, 71 FR 40010, July 14, 2006;
71 FR 59374, Oct. 10, 2006; Amdt. 135-130, 79 FR
28812, May 20, 2014]
Section 135.129 Exit seating.
(a)(1) Applicability. This section applies to all certificat...
...

Page 28 -   PAGE

Section 135.129
14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)
(b) No certificate holder may seat a
(i) To reach upward, sideways, and
(v) To remove obstructions of size
(x) To assist others in getting off an
(i) A condition or responsibilities,
(c) Each passenger shall comply with
(d) Each certificate holder shall include on passenger infor...
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 29 -   PAGE

Section 135.129
(e) Each certificate holder shall include on passenger infor...
(i) Cannot meet the selection criteria
(f) Each certificate holder shall make
(g) No certificate holder may allow
(h) Each certificate holder shall include in its passenger b...
(e), the selection criteria set forth in
(i) Each certificate holder shall include in its passenger b...
(j) [Reserved]
(k) In the event a certificate holder
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 30 -   PAGE

Section 135.141
14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)
(l) In the event of full booking in the
(m) A certificate holder may deny
(n) In order to comply with this section certificate holders...
(i) The criteria listed in paragraph
(b) of this section;
(d) of this section;
(o) Certificate holders shall assign
(p) The procedures required by paragraph (n) of this section...
27, 1992; Amdt. 135-50, 59 FR 33603, June 29,
1994; Amdt. 135-60, 61 FR 2616, Jan. 26, 1996;
9175, Mar. 5, 2018]
Subpart C - Aircraft and
Section 135.141 Applicability.
Section 135.143 General requirements.
(a) No person may operate an aircraft
(b) Except as provided in Section 135.179, no
(c) ATC transponder equipment installed within the time peri...
(i) Temporary installation of TSOC74b or TSO-C74c substitute...
08:20 May 17, 2019
...

Page 31 -   PAGE

Section 135.145
1987]
Section 135.144
(a) Except as provided in paragraph
(b) of this section, no person may operate, nor may any oper...
(b) Paragraph (a) of this section does
Section 135.91; or
(c). The determination required by
1999, as amended by Docket FAA-2014-0554,
Section 135.145 Aircraft proving and validation tests.
(a) No certificate holder may operate
(b) No certificate holder may operate
(c) No certificate holder may carry
(d) Validation testing is required to
(e) Validation tests must be accomplished by test methods ac...
(f) Proving tests and validation tests
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 32 -   PAGE

Section 135.147
14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)
(g) The Administrator may authorize
17, 2003]
Section 135.147
Section 135.149 Equipment
(a) A sensitive altimeter that is adjustable for barometric ...
(b) Heating or deicing equipment for
(c) For turbojet airplanes, in addition
Section 121.305(j) of this chapter.
(d) [Reserved]
(e) For turbine powered aircraft, any
1979; Amdt. 135-34, 54 FR 43926, Oct. 27, 1989;
Section 135.150 Public address and
(a) A public address system which - 
Section 21.305 of this chapter;
1990, meets the requirements of Section 25.1423
(b) A crewmember interphone system
Section 21.305 of this chapter;
(i) Each passenger compartment; and
(i) Is accessible for use at enough
...

Page 33 -   PAGE

Section 135.151
Section 135.151 Cockpit voice recorders.
(a) No person may operate a multiengine, turbine-powered air...
Section 23.1457(a)(1) and (2), (b), (c), (d)(1)(i),
(f), and (g), Section 27.1457(a)(1) and (2), (b),
(c), (d)(1)(i), (2) and (3), (e), (f), and (g);
(b) No person may operate a multiengine, turbine-powered air...
Section 25.1457 (except paragraphs (a)(6),
(d)(1)(ii), (4), and (5)); Section 27.1457 (except
(d)(1)(ii), (4), and (5)) of this chapter, as
(c) In the event of an accident, or occurrence requiring imm...
(d) For those aircraft equipped to
Section 25.1457(c)(5) of this chapter.
(e) In complying with this section, an
(f) By April 7, 2012, all airplanes subject to paragraph (a)...
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 34 -   PAGE

Section 135.152
14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)
Section 23.1457(d)(6) or Section 25.1457(d)(6) of this
(a)(5) of this chapter.
(g)(1) No person may operate a multiengine, turbine-powered ...
(i) Is installed in accordance with the
2010, also meets the requirements of
Section 23.1457(a)(6);
Section 25.1457(a)(6);
Section 27.1457(a)(6); or Section 29.457(a)(6) of this
(i) Is installed in accordance with the
2010, also meets the requirements of
Section 23.1457(a)(6);
Section 25.1457(a)(6);
Section 27.1457(a)(6); or Section 29.457(a)(6) of this
(h) All airplanes or rotorcraft required by this part to hav...
1987; Amdt. 135-26, 53 FR 26151, July 11, 1988;
135-113, 73 FR 12570, Mar. 7, 2008; Amdt. 135-
113, 74 FR 32801, July 9, 2009; Amdt. 135-121, 75
Section 135.152
(a) Except as provided in paragraph
...

Page 35 -   PAGE

Section 135.152
(b)(3) of this section for aircraft type
(i) Time;
(v) Heading;
(x) Control column or pitch control
(b)(3) of this section for aircraft type
(i) Time;
(v) Heading;
(x) Pitch trim position;
(c) Whenever a flight recorder required by this section is i...
(d) Except as provided in paragraph
(c) of this section, and except for recorded data erased as ...
(e) In the event of an accident or occurrence that requires ...
830 of its regulations and that results
(a) and (b) of this section for at least 60
(f)(1) For airplanes manufactured on
Section 23.1459 (except paragraphs (a)(3)(ii)
(a)(3)(ii) and (7)), Section 27.1459 (except paragraphs (a)(...
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 36 -   PAGE

Section 135.152
14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)
(i) That are of the same type;
(i) That are of the same type;
(g) Each flight recorder required by
(h) The operational parameters required to be recorded by di...
(i) and (j) of this section are as follows,
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 37 -   PAGE

Section 135.152
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 38 -   PAGE

Section 135.153
14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)
(i) For all turbine-engine powered
(j) For all turbine-engine-powered
(a)(1) through (a)(88) of this section
(k) For aircraft manufactured before
412SP, Boeing Chinook (BV-234), Boeing/Kawasaki Vertol 107 (...
(l) By April 7, 2012, all aircraft manufactured before April...
Section 25.1459(a)(8), Section 27.1459(e), or Section 29.145...
(m) All aircraft manufactured on or
Section 23.1459(a)(3),
(a)(6),
(a)(7),
Section 25.1459(a)(3),
(a)(7),
(a)(8),
Section 27.1459(a)(3),
(a)(6),
(e),
Section 29.1459(a)(3), (a)(6), and (e) of this
17, 1997; 62 FR 48135, Sept. 12, 1997; Amdt. 135-
...

Page 39 -   PAGE

Section 135.156
(c) Airplane Flight Manual. The Airplane Flight Manual shall...
Section 135.155 Fire
(a) The type and quantity of extinguishing agent must be sui...
(b) At least one hand fire extinguisher must be provided and...
(c) At least one hand fire extinguisher must be conveniently...
Section 135.156 Flight data recorders: filtered data.
(a) A flight data signal is filtered
(b) An original sensor signal for any
(c) For a parameter described in
Section 135.152(h)(12) through (17), (42), or (88),
(i) The FAA determine that the procedure and test results su...
Section 135.152(e).
(d) Compliance. Compliance is required as follows:
Section 135.152 (f)(1)(iii) or (f)(2)(iii) of this
(i) No later than April 21, 2014, remove the filtering; or
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 40 -   PAGE

Section 135.157
14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)
(f)(1)(iii) or (f)(2)(iii) of this part as applicable.
2010]
Section 135.157 Oxygen equipment requirements.
(a) Unpressurized aircraft. No person
(b) Pressurized aircraft. No person may
(i) At altitudes above 10,000 feet
15,000 feet MSL within four minutes, in
(c) The equipment required by this
Section 135.158
(a) Except as provided in paragraph
(b) of this section, after April 12, 1981,
(b) A certificate holder may obtain
1983, from the Executive Director,
0119, Amdt. 135-139, 83 FR 9175, Mar. 5, 2018]
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 41 -   PAGE

Section 135.161
Section 135.159 Equipment
(a) A gyroscopic rate-of-turn indicator except on the follow...
(b) A slip skid indicator.
(c) A gyroscopic bank-and-pitch indicator.
(d) A gyroscopic direction indicator.
(e) A generator or generators able to
(f) For night flights - 
(g) For the purpose of paragraph (e)
(h) Notwithstanding provisions of
26, 1990]
Section 135.160 Radio altimeters for rotorcraft operations.
(a) After April 24, 2017, no person may
(b) Deviation authority. The Administrator may authorize dev...
2014, as amended by Docket FAA-2018-0119,
Section 135.161 Communication and navigation equipment for a...
(a) No person may operate an aircraft
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 42 -   PAGE

Section 135.163
14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)
(b) No person may operate an aircraft
2007, as amended by Amdt. 135-116, 74 FR
20205, May 1, 2009]
Section 135.163 Equipment
(a) A vertical speed indicator;
(b) A free-air temperature indicator;
(c) A heated pitot tube for each airspeed indicator;
(d) A power failure warning device or
(e) An alternate source of static pressure for the altimeter...
(f) For a single-engine aircraft:
(g) For multi-engine aircraft, at least
(h) Two independent sources of energy (with means of selecti...
(i) For the purpose of paragraph (f) of
1997; Amdt. 135-72, 63 FR 25573, May 8, 1998]
Section 135.165 Communication and navigation equipment: Exte...
(a) Aircraft navigation equipment requirements - General. Ex...
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 43 -   PAGE

Section 135.165
(i) One marker beacon receiver providing visual and aural si...
(b) Use of a single independent navigation system for IFR op...
(c) VOR navigation equipment. Whenever VOR navigation equipm...
(d) Airplane communication equipment
(d)(1) of this section must have twoway voice communication ...
(e) IFR or extended over-water communications equipment requ...
(f) Additional aircraft communication
(e) of this section, no person may operate an aircraft under...
(g) Extended over-water exceptions.
2007]
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 44 -   PAGE

Section 135.167
14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)
Section 135.167 Emergency equipment: Extended overwater oper...
(a) Except where the Administrator,
(b) Each liferaft required by paragraph (a) of this section ...
(i) One survival kit, appropriately
(v) One bailing bucket;
(x) One inflation pump;
(c) No person may operate an airplane in extended overwater ...
30, 1980; Amdt. 135-20, 51 FR 40710, Nov. 7,
1986; Amdt. 135-49, 59 FR 32058, June 21, 1994;
Section 135.168 Emergency
(a) Definitions. For the purposes of
(b) Required equipment. Except when
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 45 -   PAGE

Section 135.168
Section 135.601(b)(1), when wearing a life preserver would b...
(i) Non-rechargeable batteries must
(b)(2) do not apply to batteries (such as
(c) [Reserved]
(d) ELT standards. The ELT required
(e) ELT alternative compliance. Operators with an ELT requir...
Section 21.618 of this chapter, are in compliance with this ...
(f) Incorporation by reference. The
552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. To enforce
800 Independence Avenue SW., Washington, DC 20591 (telephone...
9677) and from the sources indicated
322-5377. Copies are also available on
(i) TSO-C126, 406 MHz Emergency Locator Transmitter (ELT), D...
2008, and
2012.
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 46 -   PAGE

Section 135.169
14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)
(i) RTCA DO-204, Minimum Operational
2014, as amended by Amdt. 135-138, 83 FR
1189, Jan. 10, 2018]
Section 135.169 Additional airworthiness requirements.
(a) Except for commuter category
(b) No person may operate a small
10 seats or more unless it is type certificated - 
(c) No person may operate a small
10 seats or more, with a seating configuration greater than ...
(i) Appendix A of this part provided
(d) Cargo or baggage compartments:
200 cubic feet in volume in a transport
(i) Glass fiber reinforced resin;
17, 1979; Amdt. 135-21, 52 FR 1836, Jan. 15,
1987; 52 FR 34745, Sept. 14, 1987; Amdt. 135-31,
54 FR 7389, Feb. 17, 1989; Amdt. 135-55, 60 FR
6628, Feb. 2, 1995; Docket FAA-2015-1621,
Section 135.170 Materials
(a) No person may operate an airplane that conforms to an am...
...

Page 47 -   PAGE

Section 135.170
(i) Except as provided in paragraph
(b)(1)(iv) of this section, each airplane
6, 1995 (formerly Section 25.853(a-1) in effect
Section 25.83(a-1) in effect on September 26,
1988).
(b)(1) (v) or (vi) of this section, each
1, 1972, must comply with the provisions of Section 25.853 i...
1972, regardless of the passenger capacity, if there is a su...
(b)(1) (v) or (vi) of this section, each
1972, must comply with the material
(v) Except as provided in paragraph
(b)(1)(vi) of this section, each airplane
Section 25.853(a-1) in effect on August 20, 1986),
Section 25.853(a-1) in effect on August 20, 1986),
(b)(1)(vi) of this section for specific
1) in effect on August 20, 1986), may be
(b)(1)(ii), (b)(1)(iv) or (b)(1)(vi) of this
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 48 -   PAGE

Section 135.171
14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)
(c) Thermal/acoustic insulation materials. For transport cat...
1, 1958:
2, 2005, the insulation must meet the
Section 25.856 of this chapter, effective September 2, 2003,...
(i) Of a blanket construction, or
135-55, 60 FR 11194, Mar. 1, 1995; Amdt. 135-56,
60 FR 13011, Mar. 9, 1995; Amdt. 135-90, 68 FR
45084, July 31, 2003; Amdt. 135-103, 70 FR
77752, Dec. 30, 2005; Docket FAA-2018-0119,
Section 135.171 Shoulder harness installation
(a) No person may operate a turbojet
(b) Each flight crewmember occupying a station equipped with...
Section 135.173 Airborne thunderstorm detection equipment re...
(a) No person may operate an aircraft
(b) No person may operate a helicopter that has a passenger ...
(c) No person may begin a flight
(d) If the airborne thunderstorm detection equipment becomes...
(e) This section does not apply to aircraft used solely with...
70 degrees N, and latitude 53 degrees N,
...

Page 49 -   PAGE

Section 135.178
1986; Amdt. 135-60, 61 FR 2616, Jan. 26, 1996]
Section 135.175 Airborne
(a) No person may operate a large,
(b) No person may begin a flight
(a) of this section is in satisfactory operating condition.
(c) If the airborne weather radar
(d) This section does not apply to aircraft used solely with...
70 degrees N, and latitude 53 degrees N,
(e) Without regard to any other provision of this part, an a...
Section 135.177 Emergency equipment requirements for aircraf...
(a) No person may operate an aircraft
(i) Be readily accessible to crewmembers.
(b) Each item of equipment must be
13, 1988; Amdt. 135-43, 57 FR 19245, May 4,
1992; Amdt. 135-44, 57 FR 42676, Sept. 15, 1992;
135-53, 59 FR 52643, Oct. 18, 1994; 59 FR 55208,
12, 2001]
Section 135.178 Additional emergency equipment.
(a) Means for emergency evacuation.
08:20 May 17, 2019
...

Page 50 -   PAGE

Section 135.178
14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)
Section 121.291(a) of this chapter. This paragraph does not ...
(b) Interior emergency exit marking.
(i) Above the aisle near each overthe-wing passenger emergen...
(i) For an airplane for which the application for the type c...
Section 25.812(b) of this chapter in effect on
(c) Lighting for interior emergency exit
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 51 -   PAGE

Section 135.178
(d) Emergency light operation. Except
(e) Emergency exit operating handles.
1972, the location of each passenger
30 inches. In addition, for each Type I
(i) A red arrow with a shaft at least
1972, the location of each passenger
(f) Emergency exit access. Access to
1992.
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 52 -   PAGE

Section 135.178
14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)
(g) Exterior exit markings. Each passenger emergency exit an...
(h) Exterior emergency lighting and escape route. (1) Each p...
(i) For an airplane for which the application for the type c...
(i) For an airplane for which the application for the type c...
(i) Floor level exits. Each floor level
46 inches, each passenger ventral exit
(j) Additional emergency exits. Approved emergency exits in ...
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 53 -   PAGE

Section 135.180
(k) On each large passenger-carrying
(l) Portable lights. No person may operate a passenger-carry...
34682, Aug. 6, 1992]
Section 135.179 Inoperable instruments and
(a) No person may take off an aircraft with inoperable instr...
(i) Be prepared in accordance with
(b) of this section.
(b) The following instruments and
(c) Notwithstanding paragraphs (b)(1)
135-60, 61 FR 2616, Jan. 26, 1996; Amdt. 135-91,
68 FR 54586, Sept. 17, 2003; Docket FAA-2018-
0119, Amdt. 135-139, 83 FR 9175, Mar. 5, 2018]
Section 135.180 Traffic Alert and Collision
(a) Unless otherwise authorized by
1995, no person may operate a turbine
(b) The airplane flight manual required by Section 135.21 of...
(i) The use of the equipment; and
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 54 -   PAGE

Section 135.181
14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)
29, 1994]
Section 135.183 Performance
Section 135.181 Performance
(a) Except as provided in paragraphs
(b) and (c) of this section, no person
(b) Notwithstanding the restrictions
(c) Without regard to paragraph (a) of
(d) Without regard to paragraph (a)
1986; Amdt. 135-70, 62 FR 42374, Aug. 6, 1997]
(a) It is operated at an altitude that
(b) It is necessary for takeoff or landing;
(c) It is a multiengine aircraft operated at a weight that w...
(d) It is a helicopter equipped with
Section 135.185 Empty weight and center of
(a) No person may operate a multiengine aircraft unless the ...
(b) Paragraph (a) of this section does
Subpart D - VFR/IFR Operating
Section 135.201 Applicability.
Section 135.203 VFR: Minimum altitudes.
...

Page 55 -   PAGE

Section 135.213
1,000 feet above the highest obstacle
5 miles from the course intended to be
(b) A helicopter over a congested area
Section 135.205 VFR: Visibility requirements.
(a) No person may operate an airplane under VFR in uncontrol...
(b) No person may operate a helicopter under VFR in Class G ...
17, 1991]
Section 135.207 VFR: Helicopter surface reference requiremen...
Section 135.209 VFR: Fuel supply.
(a) No person may begin a flight operation in an airplane un...
(b) No person may begin a flight operation in a helicopter u...
Section 135.211 VFR: Over-the-top carrying
(a) Weather reports or forecasts, or
(b) It is operated under conditions allowing - 
18, 1989; 73 FR 20164, Apr. 15, 2008]
Section 135.213 Weather reports and forecasts.
(a) Whenever a person operating an
(b) For the purposes of paragraph (a)
08:20 May 17, 2019
...

Page 56 -   PAGE

Section 135.215
14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)
1996; Docket FAA-2018-0119, Amdt. 135-139, 83
Section 135.215
(a) Except as provided in paragraphs
(b), (c) and (d) of this section, no person
(b) The Administrator may issue operations specifications to...
(c) A person may operate an aircraft
(d) The Administrator may issue operations specifications to...
Section 135.217 IFR: Takeoff limitations.
Section 135.219 IFR:
Section 135.221 IFR: Alternate airport weather minimums.
(a) Aircraft other than rotorcraft. No
(b) Rotorcraft. Unless otherwise authorized by the Administr...
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 57 -   PAGE

Section 135.225
2014]
Section 135.223 IFR: Alternate
(a) Except as provided in paragraph
(b) of this section, no person may operate an aircraft in IF...
(b) Paragraph (a)(2) of this section
1986]
Section 135.225 IFR: Takeoff, approach and
(a) Except to the extent permitted by
(b) A pilot conducting an eligible ondemand operation may be...
(c) Except as provided in paragraph
(j) of this section, no pilot may begin
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 58 -   PAGE

Section 135.225
14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)
(a)(1) of this section indicates that
(d) Except as provided in paragraph
(j) of this section, a pilot who has
(i) The aircraft is on an ILS final approach and has passed ...
(e) The MDA or DA/DH and visibility
100 feet and 1-2 mile respectively, but
(f) Each pilot making an IFR takeoff
(g) If takeoff minimums are specified
(h) Except as provided in paragraph
(i) of this section, if takeoff minimums
(a)(1) of this section are less than that
(i) At airports where straight-in instrument approach proced...
(j) A pilot may begin an instrument
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 59 -   PAGE

Section 135.229
17, 2003; Amdt. 135-93, 69 FR 1641, Jan. 9, 2004;
Section 135.227 Icing conditions: Operating
(a) No pilot may take off an aircraft
(b) No certificate holder may authorize an airplane to take ...
(c) No pilot may fly under IFR into
(d) No pilot may fly a helicopter
(e) Except for an airplane that has
(f) If current weather reports and
1986; Amdt. 135-46, 58 FR 69629, Dec. 30, 1993;
135-119, 74 FR 62696, Dec. 1, 2009]
Section 135.229 Airport requirements.
(a) No certificate holder may use any
(b) No pilot of an aircraft carrying
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 60 -   PAGE

Section 135.241
14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)
(i) For airplanes, by boundary or runway marker lights;
(c) For the purpose of paragraph (b)
Subpart E - Flight Crewmember
Section 135.241 Applicability.
20, 1995]
Section 135.243 Pilot in command qualifications.
(a) No certificate holder may use a
(b) Except as provided in paragraph
(a) of this section, no certificate holder
(c) Except as provided in paragraph
(a) of this section, no certificate holder
(d) Paragraph (b)(3) of this section
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 61 -   PAGE

Section 135.245
(i) The primary means of navigation
1,000 feet and visibility not less than 3
(b) In acquiring the operating experience, each person must ...
11, 1981; Amdt. 135-58, 60 FR 65939, Dec. 20,
1995; Docket FAA-2018-0119, Amdt. 135-139, 83
1980; Amdt. 135-58, 60 FR 65940, Dec. 20, 1995]
Section 135.244 Operating experience.
(a) No certificate holder may use any
Section 135.245 Second in command qualifications.
(a) Except as provided in paragraph
(b) of this section, no certificate holder
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 62 -   PAGE

Section 135.247
14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)
(b) A second in command of a helicopter operated under VFR, ...
(c) No certificate holder may use any
(i) Six instrument approaches;
(i) The FSTD represents the category
(d) A second in command who has
Section 135.338 or a check pilot qualified under
Section 135.337. To reestablish instrument
Section 135.247 Pilot qualifications:
(a) No certificate holder may use any
(a)(2) of this section need not comply
(i) The pilot in command must hold
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 63 -   PAGE

Section 135.261
142 of this chapter. The approved training program must have...
6 takeoffs and 6 landings to a full stop
(b) For the purpose of paragraph (a)
17, 2003]
Subpart F - Crewmember Flight
18, 1985, unless otherwise noted.
Section 135.261
(a) Section 135.263 applies to all operations under this sub...
(b) Section 135.265 applies to:
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 64 -   PAGE

Section 135.263
14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)
(c) Sections 135.267 and 135.269 apply
(d) Section 135.271 contains special
(e) Section 135.273 prescribes duty period limitations and r...
19, 1994]
Section 135.263 Flight time limitations and
(a) A certificate holder may assign a
135.271 are met.
(b) No certificate holder may assign
(c) Time spent in transportation, not
(d) A flight crewmember is not considered to be assigned fli...
Section 135.265 Flight time limitations and
(a) No certificate holder may schedule any flight crewmember...
(b) Except as provided in paragraph
(c) of this section, no certificate holder
(c) A certificate holder may schedule
(b)(1) of this section may be scheduled
(b)(2) of this section may be scheduled
08:20 May 17, 2019
...

Page 65 -   PAGE

Section 135.269
(b)(3) of this section may be scheduled
(d) Each certificate holder shall relieve each flight crewme...
Section 135.267 Flight time limitations and
(a) No certificate holder may assign
(b) Except as provided in paragraph
(c) of this section, during any 24 consecutive hours the tot...
(c) A flight crewmember-s flight time
(i) 8 hours for a flight crew consisting
(d) Each assignment under paragraph
(b) of this section must provide for at
(e) When a flight crewmember has exceeded the daily flight t...
(f) The certificate holder must provide each flight crewmemb...
25, 1989; Amdt. 135-60, 61 FR 2616, Jan. 26,
1996]
Section 135.269 Flight time limitations and
(a) No certificate holder may assign
(b) No certificate holder may assign
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 66 -   PAGE

Section 135.271
14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)
(i) A pilot in command (PIC) who
Section 135.245.
(c) When a flight crewmember has exceeded the daily flight d...
(d) A certificate holder must provide
Section 135.271 Helicopter hospital emergency medical evacua...
(a) No certificate holder may assign
(b) No certificate holder may assign a
(c) No flight crewmember may accrue
(d) Each flight crewmember must receive at least 8 consecuti...
(e) A HEMES assignment may not exceed 72 consecutive hours a...
(f) An adequate place of rest must be
(g) No certificate holder may assign
(h) Each pilot must be given a rest
(i) The certificate holder must provide each flight crewmemb...
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 67 -   PAGE

Section 135.273
Section 135.273 Duty period limitations and
(a) For purposes of this section - 
(b) Except as provided in paragraph
(c) of this section, a certificate holder
(b)(4), (b)(5), and (b)(6) of this section,
(b)(3) of this section, a flight attendant
(b)(1) of this section must be given a
48 contiguous states and the District of
(b)(8) of this section, a flight attendant
(b)(5), and (b)(6) of this section, must be
12 consecutive hours. This rest period
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 68 -   PAGE

Section 135.273
14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)
(b)(4), (b)(5), and (b)(6) of this section, if
(c) Notwithstanding paragraph (b) of
(i) Apply to all flight attendants used
(c)(1) of this section and that had been
1996; Docket FAA-2018-0119, Amdt. 135-139, 83
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 69 -   PAGE

Section 135.293
Subpart G - Crewmember Testing
Section 135.291
(a) Prescribes the tests and checks
(b) Permits training center personnel
17, 2003]
Section 135.293 Initial and recurrent pilot
(a) No certificate holder may use a
12th calendar month before that service, that pilot has pass...
(i) Recognizing and avoiding severe
(b) No certificate holder may use a
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 70 -   PAGE

Section 135.295
14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)
(c) Each competency check given in a
(d) The instrument proficiency check
(e) For the purpose of this part, competent performance of a...
(f) The Administrator or authorized
(g) Portions of a required competency
(h) Rotorcraft pilots must be tested
(i) If the certificate holder is authorized to conduct EFVS ...
27, 1988; Amdt. 135-129, 79 FR 9974, Feb. 21,
2014; 79 FR 22012, Apr. 21, 2014; Docket FAA-
2013-0485, Amdt. 135-135, 81 FR 90177, Dec. 13,
2016]
Section 135.295 Initial and recurrent flight
(a) Authority of the pilot in command;
(b) Passenger handling, including
(c) Crewmember assignments, functions, and responsibilities ...
(d) Briefing of passengers;
(e) Location and operation of portable fire extinguishers an...
(f) Proper use of cabin equipment and
(g) Location and operation of passenger oxygen equipment;
...

Page 71 -   PAGE

Section 135.297
6th calendar month before that service,
(b) No pilot may use any type of precision instrument approa...
6th calendar month before that use, the
(c) The instrument proficiency check
Section 135.293(e).
(i) For a pilot in command of an airplane under Section 135....
(d) If the pilot in command is assigned to pilot only one ty...
(e) If the pilot in command is assigned to pilot more than o...
(f) If the pilot in command is assigned to pilot both single...
(a) of this section in a multiengine aircraft, and each succ...
(g) If the pilot in command is authorized to use an autopilo...
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 72 -   PAGE

Section 135.299
14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)
11, 1981; Amdt. 135-129, 79 FR 9975, Feb. 21,
2014]
Section 135.299 Pilot in command: Line
(a) No certificate holder may use a
(b) The pilot who conducts the check
(c) Each certificate holder shall establish in the manual re...
Section 135.21 a procedure which will ensure
Section 135.301 Crewmember:
(a) If a crewmember who is required
(b) If a pilot being checked under this
Subpart H - Training
Section 135.321
(a) Except as provided in Section 135.3, this
142 to perform training, testing, and
(b) For the purposes of this subpart,
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 73 -   PAGE

Section 135.323
(i) Recurrent pilot testing requirements of Section 135.293;
20, 1995; Amdt. 135-63, 61 FR 34561, July 2,
1996; Amdt. 135-91, 68 FR 54588, Sept. 17, 2003]
Section 135.323
(a) Each certificate holder required
Section 135.341 shall:
(b) Whenever a crewmember who is
(c) Each instructor, supervisor, or
(d) Training subjects that apply to
(e) Aircraft simulators and other
7, 2005]
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 74 -   PAGE

Section 135.324
14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)
Section 135.324 Training program: Special
(a) Other than the certificate holder,
(b) A certificate holder may contract
135.340 to provide training, testing, and
21, 1997; Amdt. 135-91, 68 FR 54588, Sept. 17,
2003]
Section 135.325 Training program and revision: Initial and f...
(a) To obtain initial and final approval of a training progr...
(b) If the proposed training program
(c) The Administrator grants final
(b) of this section ensures that each
(d) Whenever the Administrator finds
Section 135.327 Training
(a) Each certificate holder must prepare and keep current a ...
(b) Each training program curriculum must include the follow...
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 75 -   PAGE

Section 135.330
21, 2011]
Section 135.330 Crew resource management
(a) Each certificate holder must include in its training pro...
(i) Duties and responsibilities of
(b) Each training program must provide the initial and trans...
(c) Each training program must provide recurrent ground and ...
(d) Upgrade training in SectionSection 135.345 and
135.347 for a particular type aircraft
(e) In addition to initial, transition,
(a) Each certificate holder must have
(b) After March 22, 2013, no certificate holder may use a pe...
(c) For flightcrew members and flight
(d) In granting credit for initial CRM
Section 135.329 Crewmember
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 76 -   PAGE

Section 135.331
14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)
2011]
Section 135.331 Crewmember
(a) Each training program must provide emergency training un...
(b) Emergency training must provide
(i) Equipment used in ditching and
(i) Rapid decompression;
(v) Hijacking and other unusual situations.
(c) Each crewmember must perform
(d) Crewmembers who serve in operations above 25,000 feet mu...
Section 135.335 Approval of aircraft simulators and other tr...
(a) Training courses using aircraft
(b) Each aircraft simulator and other
(i) The certificate holder; and
(i) Approved for the type aircraft
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 77 -   PAGE

Section 135.337
(c) A particular aircraft simulator or
(d) In granting initial and final approval of training progr...
1979]
Section 135.336 Airline transport pilot certification traini...
(a) A certificate holder may obtain
(b) No certificate holder may use a
Section 61.156 of this chapter unless the instructor:
(i) The fundamental principles of the
(v) Evaluation.
(i) Proper operation of flight simulator and flight training...
(v) The maneuvers that will be demonstrated in the flight si...
(c) A certificate holder may not issue
(d) A certificate holder must conduct
2013]
Section 135.337 Qualifications: Check airmen
(a) For the purposes of this section
(b) No certificate holder may use a
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 78 -   PAGE

Section 135.338
14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)
Section 135.339;
(c) No certificate holder may use a
Section 135.339; and
(d) Completion of the requirements
(e) Check airmen who do not hold an
(f) A check airman (simulator) must
(g) The flight segments or line-observation program required...
(f) of this section are considered to be
Section 135.338 Qualifications: Flight instructors (aircraft...
(a) For the purposes of this section
(b) No certificate holder may use a
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 79 -   PAGE

Section 135.339
Section 135.340;
(c) No certificate holder may use a
Section 135.340.
(d) Completion of the requirements
(e) An airman who does not hold a
(f) A flight instructor (simulator)
(g) The flight segments or line-observation program required...
(f) of this section are considered completed in the month re...
135-125, 76 FR 35104, June 16, 2011]
Section 135.339 Initial and transition training and checking...
(a) No certificate holder may use a
(b) The observation check required
(c) The initial ground training for
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 80 -   PAGE

Section 135.340
14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)
(i) Improper and insufficient training; and
(d) The transition ground training for
(e) The initial and transition flight
(f) The requirements of paragraph (e)
(g) The initial and transition flight
Section 135.340 Initial and transition training and checking...
(a) No certificate holder may use a
(b) The observation check required
(c) The initial ground training for
(i) Improper and insufficient training; and
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 81 -   PAGE

Section 135.341
(i) The fundamental principles of the
(d) The transition ground training for
(e) The initial and transition flight
(f) The requirements of paragraph (e)
(g) The initial and transition flight
1997]
Section 135.341 Pilot and flight attendant
(a) Each certificate holder, other
135.301. However, the Administrator
(b) Each certificate holder required
(c) Each certificate holder required
(d) The certificate holder shall furnish copies of the pilot...
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 82 -   PAGE

Section 135.343
14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)
1982; Amdt. 135-127, 78 FR 42379, July 15, 2013;
Section 135.343 Crewmember initial and recurrent training re...
1982]
Section 135.345 Pilots: Initial, transition, and
(a) General subjects - 
(b) For each aircraft type - 
(i) Recognizing and avoiding severe
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 83 -   PAGE

Section 135.351
27, 1988; Amdt. 135-46, 58 FR 69630, Dec. 30,
1993; Amdt. 135-108, 72 FR 1885, Jan. 16, 2007;
Section 135.347 Pilots: Initial, transition, upgrade, and di...
(a) Initial, transition, upgrade, and
(b) The maneuvers and procedures required by paragraph (a) o...
(c) If the certificate holder-s approved training program in...
Section 135.349 Flight attendants: Initial and
(a) General subjects - 
(b) For each aircraft type - 
Section 135.351
(a) Each certificate holder must ensure that each crewmember...
(b) Recurrent ground training for
Section 135.331.
(c) Recurrent flight training for pilots must include, at le...
Section 135.293 within the preceding 12 calendar months may ...
27, 1988; Amdt. 135-46, 58 FR 69630, Dec. 30,
1993; Amdt. 135-122, 76 FR 3837, Jan. 21, 2011]
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 84 -   PAGE

Section 135.353
Section 135.353
14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)
Subpart I - Airplane Performance
Section 135.361 Applicability.
(a) This subpart prescribes airplane
(b) For the purpose of this subpart,
(c) For the purpose of this subpart,
Section 135.363 General.
(a) Each certificate holder operating
(b) Each certificate holder operating
(c) Each certificate holder operating
135.395 and any determination of compliance must be based on...
1942.
(d) Each certificate holder operating
(e) Each certificate holder operating
(f) The performance data in the Airplane Flight Manual appli...
(g) No person may take off a reciprocating engine powered la...
4b.117 of the Civil Air Regulations in
(h) The Administrator may authorize in the operations specif...
08:20 May 17, 2019
...

Page 85 -   PAGE

Section 135.369
(i) The 10-mile width specified in
(j) Each certificate holder operating
1987]
Section 135.364 Maximum flying time outside
2008]
Section 135.365 Large transport category airplanes: Reciproc...
(a) No person may take off a reciprocating engine powered la...
(b) No person may take off a reciprocating engine powered la...
(c) No person may specify, or have
(d) No person may take off a reciprocating engine powered la...
(e) No person may take off a reciprocating engine powered la...
Section 135.367 Large transport category airplanes: Reciproc...
(a) No person operating a reciprocating engine powered large...
50 feet, as indicated by the takeoff path
(b) In applying this section, corrections must be made for a...
150 percent of any reported tailwind
Section 135.369 Large transport category airplanes: Reciproc...
(a) No person operating a reciprocating engine powered large...
08:20 May 17, 2019
...

Page 86 -   PAGE

Section 135.371
14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)
6.90) at an altitude of a least 1,000 feet
(b) This section does not apply to
Section 135.371 Large transport category airplanes: Reciproc...
(a) Except as provided in paragraph
(b) of this section, no person operating
(b) In place of the requirements of
Section 135.377, allowing for normal consumption of fuel and...
(c) If an approved procedure under
1,000 feet above the airport used as an
7, 2007]
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 87 -   PAGE

Section 135.377
Section 135.373 Part 25 transport category
(a) No person may operate an airplane certificated under par...
0.013) at an altitude of 1,000 feet above
(b) For the purposes of paragraph
(a)(2) of this section, it is assumed
Section 135.375 Large transport category airplanes: Reciproc...
(a) Except as provided in paragraph
(b) of this section, no person operating
(b) An airplane that would be prohibited from being taken of...
Section 135.377 Large transport category airplanes: Reciproc...
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 88 -   PAGE

Section 135.379
14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)
Section 135.379 Large transport category airplanes: Turbine ...
(a) No person operating a turbine engine powered large trans...
(b) No person operating a turbine engine powered large trans...
1957, but before August 30, 1959 (SR422,
422A), may take off that airplane at a
(c) No person operating a turbine engine powered large trans...
1959 (SR422B), may take off that airplane at a weight greate...
(d) No person operating a turbine engine powered large trans...
1958 (SR422), that allows a takeoff path
(e)
(f) For the purposes of this section, it
(g) For the purposes of this section,
1998]
Section 135.381 Large transport category airplanes: Turbine ...
(a) No person operating a turbine engine powered large trans...
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 89 -   PAGE

Section 135.383
29, 1958 (SR422B), there is a positive
1,500 feet above the airport where the
(b) For the purpose of paragraph
(a)(2) of this section, it is assumed
7, 2007]
Section 135.383 Large transport category airplanes: Turbine ...
(a) Airplanes certificated after August 26, 1957, but before...
1,000 feet directly over the airport, and
(b) Airplanes certificated after September 30, 1958, but bef...
1959 (SR422A). No person may operate a
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 90 -   PAGE

Section 135.385
14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)
(c) Aircraft certificated after August
29, 1959 (SR422B). No person may operate a turbine engine po...
2,000 feet all terrain and obstructions
(i) The two engines fail at the most
(v) The consumption of fuel and oil
Section 135.385 Large transport category airplanes: Turbine ...
(a) No person operating a turbine engine powered large trans...
(b) Except as provided in paragraph
(c), (d), (e), or (f) of this section, no person operating a...
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 91 -   PAGE

Section 135.387
(c) A turbopropeller powered airplane
(d) Unless, based on a showing of actual operating landing t...
(e) A turbojet airplane that would be
(b)(2) of this section may be taken off if
(f) An eligible on-demand operator
(i) The airplane is landed on the most
17, 2003]
Section 135.387 Large transport category airplanes: Turbine ...
(a) Except as provided in paragraph
(b) of this section, no person may select an airport as an a...
Section 135.385(b)) that airplane, at the weight
(b) Eligible on-demand operators may
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 92 -   PAGE

Section 135.389
14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)
17, 2003]
Section 135.389 Large nontransport category
(a) No person operating a large nontransport category airpla...
(b) For the purposes of this section - 
Section 135.391 Large nontransport category
(a) Except as provided in paragraph
(b) of this section, no person operating
(b) Without regard to paragraph (a)
1,000 feet. If this procedure is used, the
(c) For the purposes of this section, it
Section 135.393 Large nontransport category
(a) No person operating a large nontransport category airpla...
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 93 -   PAGE

Section 135.399
(i) With the greatest effective length
(b) For the purpose of this section, it
Section 135.395 Large nontransport category
Section 135.397 Small transport category airplane performanc...
(a) No person may operate a reciprocating engine powered sma...
Section 135.367 (except paragraph (a)(3)), and
135.377.
(b) No person may operate a turbine
Section 135.379 (except paragraphs (d) and (f))
Section 135.398 Commuter category airplanes
(a) No person may operate a commuter category airplane unles...
(b) No person may take off an airplane type certificated in ...
300 feet horizontally after passing the
(c) No person may operate a commuter category airplane unles...
135.387 of this part. For purposes of this
(d)
(e) For the purposes of this section,
50 feet as shown by the net takeoff
Section 135.399 Small nontransport category
(a) No person may operate a reciprocating engine or turbopro...
...

Page 94 -   PAGE

Section 135.411
14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)
(b) No person may operate an airplane that is certificated u...
Section 135.169(b)(6) unless that person complies with the l...
Subpart J - Maintenance, Preventive Maintenance, and Alterat...
Section 135.411
(a) This subpart prescribes rules in
91 and 43 of this chapter and SectionSection 135.415,
135.417, 135.421 and 135.422. An approved
135.417, 135.423 through 135.443.
(b) A certificate holder who is not
(c) Single engine aircraft used in passenger-carrying IFR op...
Section 135.421 (c), (d), and (e).
(d) A certificate holder who elects to
1997; Amdt. 135-78, 65 FR 60556, Oct. 11, 2000;
135-81, 70 FR 5533, Feb. 2, 2005; Amdt. 135-108,
72 FR 1885, Jan. 16, 2007; 72 FR 53114, Sept. 18,
2007]
Section 135.413 Responsibility for airworthiness.
(a) Each certificate holder is primarily responsible for the...
(b) Each certificate holder who maintains its aircraft under...
...

Page 95 -   PAGE

Section 135.415
(b) For the purpose of this section,
(c) In addition to the reports required
(d) Each certificate holder shall submit each report require...
(e) The certificate holder shall transmit the reports requir...
(f) A certificate holder that is also
830 of the regulations of the National
(g) No person may withhold a report
(h) When the certificate holder gets
29, 2005]
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 96 -   PAGE

Section 135.417
14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)
Section 135.417 Mechanical
(a) Each interruption to a flight, unscheduled change of air...
(b)
1996; Docket FAA-2018-0119, Amdt. 135-139, 83
Section 135.419 Approved aircraft inspection
(a) Whenever the Administrator finds
(b) A certificate holder who applies
(c) Each certificate holder who is required by its operation...
(d) The aircraft inspection program
(e) After approval, the certificate
(f) Whenever the Administrator finds
(g) Each certificate holder who has
(h) The registration number of each
2006]
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 97 -   PAGE

Section 135.422
Section 135.421 Additional maintenance requirements.
(a) Each certificate holder who operates an aircraft type ce...
(b) For the purpose of this section, a
(c) For each single engine aircraft to
(d) For single engine aircraft to be
(e) No certificate holder may operate
1997]
Section 135.422 Aging airplane inspections
(a) Applicability. This section applies
(b) Operation after inspections and
14 years in service on December 8, 2003,
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 98 -   PAGE

Section 135.423
14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)
(c) Unforeseen schedule conflict. In the
(d) Airplane and records availability.
(e) Notification to the Administrator.
2005]
Section 135.423 Maintenance,
(a) Each certificate holder that performs any of its mainten...
(b) Each certificate holder that performs any inspections re...
(c) Each person performing required
6, 2002. Redesignated by Amdt. 135-81, 70 FR
5533, Feb. 2, 2005]
Section 135.425 Maintenance,
(a) Maintenance, preventive maintenance, and alterations per...
(b) Competent personnel and adequate facilities and equipmen...
(c) Each aircraft released to service
Section 135.426 Contract maintenance.
(a) A certificate holder may arrange
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 99 -   PAGE

Section 135.427
(i) Essential maintenance that could
(b) Each certificate holder must be
(c) Each maintenance provider must
(d) No maintenance provider may
(e) Each certificate holder who contracts for maintenance, p...
(f) Each certificate holder who contracts for maintenance, p...
Section 135.431(a), contains procedures for
(g) The policies, procedures, methods,
(h) Each certificate holder who contracts for maintenance, p...
11547, Mar. 4, 2015, as amended by Docket
Section 135.427 Manual requirements.
(a) Each certificate holder shall put
(b) Each certificate holder shall put
Section 135.425 that must be followed in performing
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 100 -   PAGE

Section 135.429
14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)
(c) Each certificate holder shall put
(d) For the purposes of this part, the
19, 1997; 69 FR 18472, Apr. 8, 2004; Amdt. 135-
118, 74 FR 38522, Aug. 4, 2009; Docket FAA-
2011-1136, Amdt. 135-132, 80 FR 11547, Mar. 4,
2015]
Section 135.429 Required
(a) No person may use any person to
(b) No person may allow any person
(c) No person may perform a required
(d) In the case of rotorcraft that operate in remote areas o...
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 101 -   PAGE

Section 135.435
(e) Each certificate holder shall
1986]
Section 135.431 Continuing analysis and surveillance.
(a) Each certificate holder shall establish and maintain a s...
(b) Whenever the Administrator finds
(c) A certificate holder may petition
1996; Docket FAA-2018-0119, Amdt. 135-139, 83
Section 135.433 Maintenance and preventive
Section 135.435
(a) Except for maintenance, preventive maintenance, alterati...
(b) For the purpose of this section, a
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 102 -   PAGE

Section 135.437
14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)
2001]
Section 135.437 Authority to perform and approve
(a) A certificate holder may perform
(b) A certificate holder may approve
Section 135.439 Maintenance
(a) Each certificate holder shall keep
Section 135.443 have been met.
(i) The total time in service of the
(v) The current status of applicable
(b) Each certificate holder shall retain the records require...
(a)(2) of this section shall be retained
(c) The certificate holder shall make
Section 135.441 Transfer
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 103 -   PAGE

Section 135.501
(a)
Section 135.439(a)(2).
(b)
Section 135.439(a)(1) which are not included in
Section 135.443 Airworthiness release or aircraft maintenanc...
(a) No certificate holder may operate
(b) The airworthiness release or log
(i) The work was performed in accordance with the requiremen...
(c) Notwithstanding paragraph (b)(3)
(d) Instead of restating each of the
22, 1988; Amdt. 135-82, 66 FR 41117, Aug. 6,
2001]
Subpart K - Hazardous Materials
58829, Oct. 7, 2005, unless otherwise noted.
Section 135.501 Applicability and definitions.
(a) This subpart prescribes the requirements applicable to e...
(b) Definitions. For purposes of this
24 months for each person who has satisfactorily completed t...
08:20 May 17, 2019
...

Page 104 -   PAGE

Section 135.503
14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)
Section 135.503 Hazardous materials training: General.
(a) Each certificate holder must establish and implement a h...
49 CFR parts 171 through 180.
(b) Each certificate holder must provide initial hazardous m...
Section 135.501(a).
(c) Each certificate holder-s hazardous materials training p...
Section 135.505 Hazardous materials training
(a) Training requirement. Except as
(b) New hire or new job function. A person who is a new hire...
24 months.
(c) Persons who work for more than one
(d) Recurrent hazardous materials
(e) Repair stations. A certificate holder must ensure that e...
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 105 -   PAGE

Section 135.507
(f) Certificate holders operating at foreign locations. This...
Section 135.507 Hazardous materials training
(a) General requirement. Each certificate holder must mainta...
(b) Location of records. The certificate
(c) Content of records. Each record
(d) New hire or new job function. Each
Subpart L - Helicopter Air Ambulance Equipment, Operations,
9975, Feb. 21, 2014, unless otherwise noted.
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 106 -   PAGE

Section 135.601
Section 135.601
14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)
(a) Applicability. This subpart prescribes the requirements ...
(b) Definitions. For purposes of this
(i) Flights conducted to position the
Section 135.603 Pilot-in-command instrument
Section 135.243 and holds a helicopter instrument rating or ...
Section 135.605 Helicopter terrain awareness
(a) After April 24, 2017, no person may
(b) The certificate holder-s Rotorcraft Flight Manual must c...
(c) Certificate holders with HTAWS
(d) The standards required in this
1), 800 Independence Avenue SW., Washington, DC 20591 (telep...
9677) and from the sources indicated
322-5377. Copies are also available on
(i) TSO C-194, Helicopter Terrain
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 107 -   PAGE

Section 135.609
(i) RTCA DO-309, Minimum Operational
Section 135.607
(b) A certificate holder may designate local flying areas in...
(a) Receive electrical power from the
(b) Be operated from the application
Section 135.609 VFR ceiling and visibility requirements for ...
(a) Unless otherwise specified in the
(c) A pilot must demonstrate a level
2014; Amdt. 135-129A, 79 FR 41126, July 15,
2014]
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 108 -   PAGE

Section 135.611
14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)
Section 135.611 IFR operations at locations
(a) If a certificate holder is authorized to conduct helicop...
(b) Each helicopter air ambulance operated under this sectio...
(c) Pilots conducting operations pursuant to this section ma...
(d) After completing a landing at the
97 of this chapter or the certificate
2014, as amended by Amdt. 135-131, 79 FR
43622, July 28, 2014]
Section 135.613 Approach/departure
(a) Approaches. When conducting an
(i) For Day Operations: No less than
(b) Departures. For transitions from
(i) An FAA-approved obstacle departure procedure is followed...
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 109 -   PAGE

Section 135.615
Section 135.619
(a) Pre-flight. Prior to conducting
(b) Enroute. While conducting VFR
(c) Rerouting the planned flight path. A
(d) Operations manual. Each certificate holder must document...
Section 135.617
(a) Each certificate holder conducting helicopter air ambula...
(b) Each certificate holder must develop a preflight risk an...
(c) Prior to the first leg of each helicopter air ambulance ...
(d) The certificate holder must retain
Section 135.619
(a) Operations control center. After
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 110 -   PAGE

Section 135.619
14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)
(i) Ensure the pilot has completed all
(b) Operations control center staffing.
(c) Documentation of duties and responsibilities. Each certi...
(d) Training requirements. No certificate holder may use, no...
(i) In military aircraft operations as
(e) Training records. The certificate
(f) Training topics. Each certificate
(i) General meteorology;
(v) Icing conditions;
(i) Navigation aids;
(i) Available flight-monitoring procedures; and
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 111 -   PAGE

Section 135.619
(i) Airspace;
(i) Available aircraft communications systems;
(i) Communications systems;
(v) Specialized systems;
(i) Aircraft operational limitations;
(i) 14 CFR Parts 1, 27, 29, 61, 71, 91,
(v) Enhanced operational control
(i) Concepts and practical application;
(i) Terrain features;
(v) Heliports, airports, landing zones,
(g) Operations control specialist duty
(i) No certificate holder may schedule an operations control...
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 112 -   PAGE

Section 135.621
14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)
(h) Drug and alcohol testing. Operations control specialists...
Section 135.621 Briefing of medical personnel.
(a) Except as provided in paragraph
(b) of this section, prior to each helicopter air ambulance ...
(b) The briefing required in paragraphs (a)(2) through (9) o...
(c) Each certificate holder must
2014; Amdt. 135-129A, 79 FR 41126, July 15,
2014]
1. Applicability. This appendix prescribes
2. References. Unless otherwise provided,
3. General. Compliance must be shown with
4. General. (a) Unless otherwise prescribed
(b) The performance must correspond to
(c) Unless otherwise prescribed in this appendix, the applic...
(d) The airplane configuration may vary
(e) Unless otherwise prescribed in this appendix, in determi...
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 113 -   PAGE

(f) Procedures for the execution of balked
(g) The procedures established under paragraphs (e) and (f) ...
5. Takeoff. (a) General. Takeoff speeds, the
(b), (c), (d), and (f) of this section), must be
(b) Takeoff speeds. (1) The decision speed V1
(i) 1.10VS1;
(c) Accelerate-stop distance. (1) The accelerate-stop distan...
(i) Accelerate the airplane from a standing
(i) Is safe and reliable;
(d) All engines operating takeoff distance.
23.51(a).
(e) One-engine-inoperative takeoff. Determine the weight for...
6(c).
(f) One-engine-inoperative takeoff flight path
6. Climb. (a) Landing climb: All-engines-operating. The maxi...
1.10VS1.
(b) Takeoff climb: one-engine-inoperative.
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 114 -   PAGE

14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)
(c) En route climb: one-engine-inoperative.
1,000 feet above the takeoff surface, with the
7. Landing. (a) The landing field length described in paragr...
(b) The landing field length is equal to the
23.75(a) divided by a factor of 0.6 for the destination airp...
50-foot height at a gradient of descent not
9. Static longitudinal stability. (a) In showing
(b) Cruise stability. The stick force curve
(c) Climb stability (turbopropeller powered
8. Trim. (a) Lateral and directional trim. The
(b) Longitudinal trim. The airplane must
1.4VS1, with the landing gear and wing flaps
10. Stall warning. If artificial stall warning
11. Electric trim tabs. The airplane must
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 115 -   PAGE

12. Arrangement and visibility. Each instrument must meet FA...
(a) Each flight, navigation, and powerplant
(b) The flight instruments required by FAR
23.1303 and by the applicable operating rules
13. Airspeed indicating system. Each airspeed
(a) Airspeed indicating instruments must
(b) The airspeed indicating system must be
i.e., the relation between IAS and CAS, in
(c) The airspeed error of the installation
(d) Information showing the relationship
14. Static air vent system. The static air vent
15. Maximum operating limit speed VMO/MMO.
(a) The maximum operating limit speed
(b) The speed VMO must not exceed 0.8VD/
16. Minimum flight crew. In addition to
(a) Each kind of operation for which the
(b) The workload on each crewmember considering the followin...
(c) The accessibility and ease of operation
17. Airspeed indicator. The airspeed indicator must meet FAR...
18. General. The Airplane Flight Manual
23.1587, and in addition the operating limitations and perfo...
...

Page 116 -   PAGE

14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)
(b) Takeoff weight limitations. The maximum takeoff weight f...
(c).
(c) Landing weight limitations. The maximum landing weight f...
20. Performance information. The Airplane
(a) Sufficient information so that the takeoff weight limits...
(b) The conditions under which the performance information w...
(c) The performance information (determined by extrapolation...
(d) Procedure established under section 4
(e) An explanation of significant or unusual flight or groun...
(f) Airspeeds, as indicated airspeeds, corresponding to thos...
21. Maximum operating altitudes. The maximum operating altit...
22. Stowage provision for airplane flight manual. Provision ...
23. Operating procedures. Procedures for restarting turbine ...
24. Engine torque. (a) Each turbopropeller
(b) The limit torque is obtained by multiplying the mean tor...
25. Turbine engine gyroscopic loads. Each
(a) The conditions in FARs 23.351 and
23.423; or
(b) All possible combinations of the following:
26. Unsymmetrical loads due to engine failure.
...

Page 117 -   PAGE

(b) Pilot corrective action may be assumed
27. Dual wheel landing gear units. Each dual
(a) Pivoting. The airplane must be assumed
(b) Unequal tire inflation. A 60-40 percent
(c) Flat tire. (1) Sixty percent of the loads
(c)(1) of this section.
28. Fatigue evaluation of wing and associated
(a) A fatigue strength investigation in
(b) A fail-safe strength investigation in
1.15 unless the dynamic effects of failure
29. Flutter. For multiengine turbopropeller
(a) The significant elastic, inertia, and aerodynamic forces...
(b) Engine-propeller-nacelle stiffness and
30. Flap operated landing gear warning device. Airplanes hav...
31. Cargo and baggage compartments. Cargo
32. Doors and exits. The airplane must meet
(a) There must be a means to lock and
(b) There must be means for direct visual
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 118 -   PAGE

14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)
(c) The passenger entrance door must qualify as a floor leve...
23.807(b) is required on each side of the cabin.
(d) An evacuation demonstration must be
(e) Each emergency exit must be marked
(f) Access to window type emergency exits
(g) The width of the main passenger aisle
10 through 23 .........................
9 inches .......
34. Ice protection. If certification with ice
(a) The recommended procedures for the
(b) An analysis must be performed to establish, on the basis...
(c) Compliance with all or portions of this
35. Maintenance information. The applicant
(a) Description of systems, including electrical, hydraulic,...
(b) Lubrication instructions setting forth
(c) Pressures and electrical loads applicable to the various...
(d) Tolerances and adjustments necessary
(e) Methods of leveling, raising, and towing.
(f) Methods of balancing control surfaces.
(g) Identification of primary and secondary
...

Page 119 -   PAGE

38. Engines. (a) For turbopropeller powered
(i) Prevent the continued safe operation of
(b) For reciprocating engine powered airplanes. To provide e...
39. Turbopropeller reversing systems. (a) Turbopropeller rev...
(b) Turbopropeller reversing systems intended for in flight ...
(c) Compliance with this section may be
40. Turbopropeller drag-limiting systems. Turbopropeller dra...
41. Turbine engine powerplant operating
42. Fuel flow. (a) For turbopropeller powered airplanes - 
(b) For reciprocating engine powered airplanes, it is accept...
43. Fuel pumps. For turbopropeller powered
23.991(a).
44. Fuel strainer or filter. For turbopropeller
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 120 -   PAGE

14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)
(a) There must be a fuel strainer or filter
(b) Unless there are means in the fuel system to prevent the...
(c) The fuel strainer or filter must be of
45. Lightning strike protection. Protection
46. Cooling test procedures for turbopropeller
(b) Temperatures must be stabilized under
(c) Cooling tests for each stage of flight
47. Air induction. For turbopropeller powered airplanes - 
(a) There must be means to prevent hazardous quantities of f...
(b) The air inlet ducts must be located or
48. Induction system icing protection. For
49. Turbine engine bleed air systems. Turbine
(a) That no hazard to the airplane will result if a duct rup...
(b) That, if the bleed air system is used for
50. Exhaust system drains. Turbopropeller
51. Engine controls. If throttles or power levers for turbop...
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 121 -   PAGE

52. Reverse thrust controls. For turbopropeller powered airp...
53. Engine ignition systems. Each turbopropeller airplane ig...
54. Powerplant accessories. The powerplant
55. Fire detector system. For turbopropeller
(a) There must be a means that ensures
(b) Each fire detector must be constructed
(c) No fire detector may be affected by any
(d) There must be means to allow the flight
(e) Wiring and other components of each
56. Fire protection, cowling and nacelle skin.
57. Flammable fluid fire protection. If flammable fluids or ...
(a) Prevent the ignition of those fluids or
(b) Control any fire resulting from that ignition.
58. Powerplant instruments. (a) The following are required f...
23.1305 (a) (1) through (4), (b) (2) and (4).
(b) For turbopropeller powered airplanes,
(c) The following instruments are required
23.1305.
59. Function and installation. The systems
(a) Each item of additional installed equipment must - 
(b) Systems and installations must be designed to safeguard ...
...

Page 122 -   PAGE

14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)
60. Ventilation. The ventilation system of
61. General. The electrical systems and
23.1351, and the following:
(a) Electrical system capacity. The required
(b) Generating system. The generating system includes electr...
62. Electrical equipment and installation.
63. Distribution system. (a) For the purpose
(b) Each system must be designed so that
(c) If two independent sources of electrical
64. Circuit protective devices. The circuit
25 hr minimum ...............
1 ........................
1 sec.
1 ........................
1% 3.
1 ........................
25 to 150
360Section ................................
1Section
0.03g.
...

Page 123 -   PAGE

1 ........................
0.8Section
1 ........................
1% 3.
1 ........................
1% 3.
1 ........................
1% 3.
1 (prop speed),
1 (torque).
1 ........................
1 ........................
250 fpm Below
12,000
0.8% 3
1.
1.
1 ........................
1.
1% 3
1 ........................
...

Page 124 -   PAGE

14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)
1 ........................
250 fpm below
12,000.
1 ........................
1 ........................
1 ........................
1% 2
1% 2
1% 2
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
1% 2
...

Page 125 -   PAGE

4 ........................
0.01g.
1 ........................
0.3% 2.
1 ........................
1 ........................
1 ........................
0.3% 2.
0.3% 2.
1 ........................
1 ft + 5% 2
2 ........................
0.3% 2.
0.5 .....................
0.3Section c
0.5 .....................
1 ........................
0.2% 2.
1 ........................
1 ........................
4 ........................
...

Page 126 -   PAGE

14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)
360Section ................................
1 ........................
0-130% (power Turbine
0-130% ..........................
5- to 30-.
1 ........................
1 kt
1 ........................
8 ........................
0.5Section.
0.01g
0.5Section
0.5Section.
0.25 sec
0.2% 1 to 0.4% 1
2 ........................
...

Page 127 -   PAGE

4. Heading (Primary flight crew
0Section360Section and Discrete  - true -  or
1 ........................
0.5Section ....................
5. Normal Acceleration
0.125 .................
0.004g
6. Pitch Attitude ..
0.5Section ....................
7. Roll Attitude 2 ..
0.5Section ....................
8. Manual Radio
1 or 0.25 for airplanes operated under
Section 135.152(j).
1 or 0.5 0.5 airplanes operated under
Section 135.152(j).
1 ........................
9. Thrust/Power
1 (per engine) ...
0.3% of full
10. Autopilot Engagement.
...

Page 128 -   PAGE

14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)
14a. Yaw control
0.5 .....................
0.3% of full
14b. Yaw control
0.5 .....................
0.2% of full
15. Pitch control
0.5 or 0.25 for
Section 135.152(j)..
0.3% of full
16. Lateral control
0.5 or 0.25 for
Section 135.152(j).
0.2% of full
17. Yaw control
0.5 .....................
0.2% of full
18. Lateral Acceleration.
0.25 ...................
0.004g.
...

Page 129 -   PAGE

1 or 0.5 for airplanes operated under
Section 135.152(j).
2 ........................
0.5% of full
1 ........................
1 ........................
500 ft and
500 ft.
0.3% of full
23. Ground Spoiler Position or
24. Outside Air
25. Autopilot/
26. Radio Altitude 14.
0.3 SectionC
1 ft + 5% above
500 ft.
27. Localizer Deviation, MLS
28. Glideslope
0.9 to + 30Section .......
1 ........................
0.3% of full
...

Page 130 -   PAGE

14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)
36. Landing Gear
37. Drift Angle 15
38. Wind Speed
39. Latitude and
4 ........................
4 ........................
0.1Section
1 knot, and 1.0Section.
4 ........................
0.002Section, or as installed.
40. Stick shaker
41. Windshear
42. Throttle/power
1 ........................
1.
1 for each lever
2% of full range
43. Additional Engine Parameters.
2% of full range
...

Page 131 -   PAGE

56. Multi-function/
4 ........................
57. Thrust
58. Thrust target
59. Fuel quantity
60. Primary Navigation System
2 ........................
2% of full range
4 ........................
2% of full range.
1% of full range.
4 ........................
4.
1.
1.
1.
1.
2 ........................
0.3% of full
2 ........................
0.3% of full
...

Page 132 -   PAGE

14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)
80. Heads-up display (when an
81. Para-visual
82. Cockpit trim
4.
1.
1 ........................
0.2% of full
83. Cockpit trim
1 ........................
0.7% of full
84. Cockpit trim
1 ........................
0.3% of full
85. Trailing edge
2 ........................
0.5% of full
86. Leading edge
87. Ground spoiler position and
88. All cockpit
1 ........................
...

Page 133 -   PAGE

11 For A330/A340 series airplanes, resolution = 1.05% (0.250...
12 For A330/A340 series airplanes, spoiler resolution = 1.40...
13 For A330/A340 series airplanes, resolution = 0.5 SectionC...
14 For Dassault F900C/F900EX airplanes, Radio Altitude resol...
15 For A330/A340 series airplanes, resolution = 0.352 degree...
16 For A318/A319/A320/A321 series airplanes, resolution = 4....
17 For A318/A319/A320/A321 series airplanes, with IAE engine...
18 For all aircraft manufactured on or after December 6, 201...
113, 73 FR 12570, Mar. 7, 2008; Amdt. 135-121, 75 FR 17047, ...
(a) The certificate holder receives ETOPS
(b) The operation is conducted in a multiengine transport ca...
(c) The operation is planned to be no more
(d) The certificate holder meets the requirements of this ap...
(a) Operations to or from the State of Hawaii.
(b) For certificate holders granted approval to operate unde...
(c) ETOPS experience with other aircraft
17, 2015 unless the airplane meets the standards of Section ...
(a) No person may allow a flight to continue beyond its ETOP...
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 134 -   PAGE

14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)
(b) In the event that an operator cannot
(c) Pilots must plan and conduct ETOPS
(d) Time-Limited Systems. (1) Except as provided in paragrap...
(a) No person may conduct an ETOPS
(b) In areas where voice communication facilities are not av...
(a) Fuel to fly to an ETOPS Alternate Airport.
(i) Fuel sufficient to fly to an ETOPS Alternate Airport ass...
5% of the fuel required by paragraph
(i) Fuel that would be burned as a result of
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 135 -   PAGE

(b) Fuel to account for holding, approach,
(c) Fuel to account for APU use. If an APU
Section 135.364, each certificate holder must develop
(a) ETOPS maintenance document. The certificate holder must ...
(b) ETOPS pre-departure service check. The
(i) Verify the condition of all ETOPS Significant Systems;
(i) ETOPS qualified person: A person is
145 of this title; or
Section 43.17(c)(2) of this chapter.
(c) Limitations on dual maintenance. (1) Except as specified...
(i) The maintenance action on each affected ETOPS Significan...
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 136 -   PAGE

14 CFR Ch. I (1-1-19 Edition)
(d) Verification program. The certificate
(e) Task identification. The certificate holder must identif...
(f) Centralized maintenance control procedures. The certific...
(g) ETOPS parts control program. The certificate holder must...
(h) Enhanced Continuing Analysis and Surveillance System (E-...
(i) Propulsion system monitoring. The certificate holder, in...
(j) Engine condition monitoring. (1) The certificate holder ...
(k) Oil consumption monitoring. The certificate holder must ...
(l) APU in-flight start program. If an APU is
(m) Maintenance training. For each airplane-engine combinati...
(n) Configuration, maintenance, and procedures (CMP) documen...
(o) Reporting. The certificate holder must
08:20 May 17, 2019

Page 137 -   PAGE

Section 136.1
2007, as amended by Amdt. 135-108, 72 FR
7348, Feb. 15, 2007; 72 FR 26542, May 10, 2007;
135-115, 73 FR 33882, June 16, 2008; Docket
PART
136 - COMMERCIAL
Subpart A - National Air Tour Safety
136.1 Applicability and definitions.
136.3 Letters of Authorization.
136.5 Additional requirements for Hawaii.
136.7 Passenger briefings.
136.9 Life preservers for over water.
136.11 Helicopter floats for over water.
136.13 Helicopter performance plan and operations.
136.15-136.29 [Reserved]
Subpart B - National Parks Air Tour
136.31 Applicability.
136.33 Definitions.
136.35 Prohibition of commercial air tour
136.37 Overflights of national parks and
136.39 Air tour management plans (ATMP).
...