368 

14 CFR Ch. I (1–1–14 Edition) 

Pt. 25, SFAR No. 109 

padding (foam or equivalent) such as 
Ensolite. 

(6) 

Shoulder Strap Loads. Where upper torso 

straps (shoulder straps) are used for sofa oc-
cupants, the tension loads in individual 
straps may not exceed 1,750 pounds. If dual 
straps are used for restraining the upper 
torso, the total strap tension loads may not 
exceed 2,000 pounds. 

(7) 

Occupant Retention. All side-facing seats 

require end closures or other means to pre-
vent the ATD’s pelvis from translating be-
yond the end of the seat at any time during 
testing. 

(8) 

Test Parameters. 

(i) All seat positions need to be occupied by 

ATDs for the longitudinal tests. 

(ii) A minimum of one longitudinal test, 

conducted in accordance with the conditions 
specified in § 25.562(b)(2), is required to assess 
the injury criteria as follows. Note that if a 
seat is installed aft of structure (such as an 
interior wall or furnishing) that does not 
have a homogeneous surface, an additional 
test or tests may be required to demonstrate 
that the injury criteria are met for the area 
which an occupant could contact. For exam-
ple, different yaw angles could result in dif-
ferent injury considerations and may require 
separate tests to evaluate. 

(A) For configurations without structure 

(such as a wall or bulkhead) installed di-
rectly forward of the forward seat place, Hy-
brid II ATDs or equivalent must be in all 
seat places. 

(B) For configurations with structure (such 

as a wall or bulkhead) installed directly for-
ward of the forward seat place, a side impact 
dummy or equivalent ATD or more appro-
priate ATD must be in the forward seat place 
and a Hybrid II ATD or equivalent must be 
in all other seat places. 

(C) The test may be conducted with or 

without deformed floor. 

(D) The test must be conducted with either 

no yaw or 10 degrees yaw for evaluating oc-
cupant injury. Deviating from the no yaw 
condition may not result in the critical area 
of contact not being evaluated. The upper 
torso restraint straps, where installed, must 
remain on the occupant’s shoulder during 
the impact condition of § 25.562(b)(2). 

(c) For the vertical test, conducted in ac-

cordance with the conditions specified in 
§ 25.562(b)(1), Hybrid II ATDs or equivalent 
must be used in all seat positions. 

5. 

Direct View. In lieu of the requirements 

of § 25.785(h)(2), to the extent practical with-
out compromising proximity to a required 
floor level emergency exit, the majority of 
installed flight attendant seats must be lo-
cated to face the cabin area for which the 
flight attendant is responsible. 

6. 

Passenger Information Signs. Compliance 

with § 25.791 is required except that for 
§ 25.791(a), when smoking is to be prohibited, 
notification to the passengers may be pro-

vided by a single placard so stating, to be 
conspicuously located inside the passenger 
compartment, easily visible to all persons 
entering the cabin in the immediate vicinity 
of each passenger entry door. 

7. 

Distance Between Exits. For an airplane 

that is required to comply with § 25.807(f)(4), 
in effect as of July 24, 1989, which has more 
than one passenger emergency exit on each 
side of the fuselage, no passenger emergency 
exit may be more than 60 feet from any adja-
cent passenger emergency exit on the same 
side of the same deck of the fuselage, as 
measured parallel to the airplane’s longitu-
dinal axis between the nearest exit edges, 
unless the following conditions are met: 

(a) Each passenger seat must be located 

within 30 feet from the nearest exit on each 
side of the fuselage, as measured parallel to 
the airplane’s longitudinal axis, between the 
nearest exit edge and the front of the seat 
bottom cushion. 

(b) The number of passenger seats located 

between two adjacent pairs of emergency 
exits (commonly referred to as a passenger 
zone) or between a pair of exits and a bulk-
head or a compartment door (commonly re-
ferred to as a ‘‘dead-end zone’’), may not ex-
ceed the following: 

(1) For zones between two pairs of exits, 50 

percent of the combined rated capacity of 
the two pairs of emergency exits. 

(2) For zones between one pair of exits and 

a bulkhead, 40 percent of the rated capacity 
of the pair of emergency exits. 

(c) The total number of passenger seats in 

the airplane may not exceed 33 percent of the 
maximum seating capacity for the airplane 
model using the exit ratings listed in 
§ 25.807(g) for the original certified exits or 
the maximum allowable after modification 
when exits are deactivated, whichever is less. 

(d) A distance of more than 60 feet between 

adjacent passenger emergency exits on the 
same side of the same deck of the fuselage, 
as measured parallel to the airplane’s longi-
tudinal axis between the nearest exit edges, 
is allowed only once on each side of the fuse-
lage. 

8. 

Emergency Exit Signs. In lieu of the re-

quirements of § 25.811(d)(1) and (2) a single 
sign at each exit may be installed provided: 

(a) The sign can be read from the aisle 

while directly facing the exit, and 

(b) The sign can be read from the aisle ad-

jacent to the passenger seat that is farthest 
from the exit and that does not have an in-
tervening bulkhead/divider or exit. 

9. 

Emergency Lighting. 

(a) 

Exit Signs. In lieu of the requirements of 

§ 25.812(b)(1), for airplanes that have a pas-
senger seating configuration, excluding pilot 
seats, of 19 seats or less, the emergency exit 
signs required by § 25.811(d)(1), (2), and (3) 
must have red letters at least 1-inch high on 
a white background at least 2 inches high. 

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