758
14 CFR Ch. I (1–1–14 Edition)
§ 91.505
(2) Emergency operation of instru-
ments and controls.
(3) Engine inoperative procedures.
(4) Any other procedures necessary
for safety.
(d) The equipment, charts, and data
prescribed in this section shall be used
by the pilot in command and other
members of the flight crew, when perti-
nent.
§ 91.505
Familiarity with operating
limitations and emergency equip-
ment.
(a) Each pilot in command of an air-
plane shall, before beginning a flight,
become familiar with the Airplane
Flight Manual for that airplane, if one
is required, and with any placards, list-
ings, instrument markings, or any
combination thereof, containing each
operating limitation prescribed for
that airplane by the Administrator, in-
cluding those specified in § 91.9(b).
(b) Each required member of the crew
shall, before beginning a flight, become
familiar with the emergency equip-
ment installed on the airplane to which
that crewmember is assigned and with
the procedures to be followed for the
use of that equipment in an emergency
situation.
§ 91.507
Equipment requirements:
Over-the-top or night VFR oper-
ations.
No person may operate an airplane
over-the-top or at night under VFR un-
less that airplane is equipped with the
instruments and equipment required
for IFR operations under § 91.205(d) and
one electric landing light for night op-
erations. Each required instrument and
item of equipment must be in operable
condition.
§ 91.509
Survival equipment for
overwater operations.
(a) No person may take off an air-
plane for a flight over water more than
50 nautical miles from the nearest
shore unless that airplane is equipped
with a life preserver or an approved flo-
tation means for each occupant of the
airplane.
(b) Except as provided in paragraph
(c) of this section, no person may take
off an airplane for flight over water
more than 30 minutes flying time or 100
nautical miles from the nearest shore,
whichever is less, unless it has on
board the following survival equip-
ment:
(1) A life preserver, equipped with an
approved survivor locator light, for
each occupant of the airplane.
(2) Enough liferafts (each equipped
with an approved survival locator
light) of a rated capacity and buoyancy
to accommodate the occupants of the
airplane.
(3) At least one pyrotechnic signaling
device for each liferaft.
(4) One self-buoyant, water-resistant,
portable emergency radio signaling de-
vice that is capable of transmission on
the appropriate emergency frequency
or frequencies and not dependent upon
the airplane power supply.
(5) A lifeline stored in accordance
with § 25.1411(g) of this chapter.
(c) A fractional ownership program
manager under subpart K of this part
may apply for a deviation from para-
graphs (b)(2) through (5) of this section
for a particular over water operation or
the Administrator may amend the
management specifications to require
the carriage of all or any specific items
of the equipment listed in paragraphs
(b)(2) through (5) of this section.
(d) The required life rafts, life pre-
servers, and signaling devices must be
installed in conspicuously marked lo-
cations and easily accessible in the
event of a ditching without appreciable
time for preparatory procedures.
(e) A survival kit, appropriately
equipped for the route to be flown,
must be attached to each required life
raft.
(f) As used in this section, the term
shore means that area of the land adja-
cent to the water that is above the
high water mark and excludes land
areas that are intermittently under
water.
[Doc. No. 18334, 54 FR 34314, Aug. 18, 1989, as
amended by Amdt. 91–280, 68 FR 54561, Sept.
17, 2003]
§ 91.511
Communication and naviga-
tion equipment for overwater oper-
ations.
(a) Except as provided in paragraphs
(c), (d), and (f) of this section, no per-
son may take off an airplane for a
flight over water more than 30 minutes
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