AIM

4/3/14

4−5−16

Surveillance Systems

entering the aircraft’s identification and transponder

codes. Some installations may require separate

entries of this information into both the ADS−B

system and the transponder. Therefore, it is
extremely important to ensure that the
transponder and ADS

−B codes being transmitted

are identical to avoid false conflict alerts within
the ATC system.

3.

ADS B systems integrated with the transpon-

der will automatically set the applicable emergency

status when 7500, 7600, or 7700 are entered into the

transponder. ADS B systems not integrated with the

transponder, or systems with optional emergency

codes, will require that the appropriate emergency

code is entered through a pilot interface. ADS−B is
intended for in

−flight and airport surface use.

ADS

−B systems should be turned “on” −− and

remain “on” 

−− whenever operating in the air and

moving on the airport surface. Civil and military
Mode A/C transponders and ADS

−B systems

should be adjusted to the “on” or normal
operating position as soon as practical

, unless the

change to “standby” has been accomplished

previously at the request of ATC. Mode S transpon-

ders should be left on whenever power is applied to

the aircraft.

d. ATC Surveillance Services using ADS

−B −

Procedures and Recommended Phraseology 

−

For Use In Alaska Only

Radar procedures, with the exceptions found in this

paragraph, are identical to those procedures pre-

scribed for radar in AIM Chapter 4 and Chapter 5.

1.

Preflight:

If a request for ATC services is predicated on ADS−B

and such services are anticipated when either a VFR

or IFR flight plan is filed, the aircraft’s “N” number

or call−sign as filed in “Block 2” of the Flight Plan

must be entered in the ADS−B avionics as the

aircraft’s flight ID.

2.

Inflight:

When requesting ADS−B services while airborne,

pilots should ensure that their ADS−B equipment is

transmitting their aircraft’s “N” number or call sign

prior to contacting ATC. To accomplish this, the pilot

must select the ADS−B “broadcast flight ID”

function.

NOTE

−

The broadcast “VFR” or “Standby” mode built into some
ADS

−B systems will not provide ATC with the appropriate

aircraft identification information. This function should
first be disabled before contacting ATC.

3.

Aircraft with an Inoperative/Malfunctioning

ADS−B Transmitter or in the Event of an Inoperative

Ground Broadcast Transceiver (GBT).

(a)

ATC will inform the flight crew when the

aircraft’s ADS−B transmitter appears to be inopera-

tive or malfunctioning:

PHRASEOLOGY

−

YOUR ADS

−B TRANSMITTER APPEARS TO BE

INOPERATIVE/MALFUNCTIONING. STOP ADS

−B

TRANSMISSIONS.

(b)

ATC will inform the flight crew when the

GBT transceiver becomes inoperative or malfunc-

tioning, as follows:

PHRASEOLOGY

−

(Name of facility) GROUND BASED TRANSCEIVER
INOPERATIVE/MALFUNCTIONING.
(And if appropriate) RADAR CONTACT LOST.

NOTE

−

An inoperative or malfunctioning GBT may also cause a
loss of ATC surveillance services.

(c)

ATC will inform the flight crew if it

becomes necessary to turn off the aircraft’s ADS−B

transmitter.

PHRASEOLOGY

−

STOP ADS

−B TRANSMISSIONS.

(d)

Other malfunctions and considerations:

Loss of automatic altitude reporting capabilities

(encoder failure) will result in loss of ATC altitude

advisory services.

e. ADS

−B Limitations

1.

The ADS−B cockpit display of traffic is NOT

intended to be used as a collision avoidance system

and does not relieve the pilot’s responsibility to “see

and avoid” other aircraft. (See paragraph 5−5−8, See

and Avoid). ADS−B must not be used for avoidance

maneuvers during IMC or other times when there is

no visual contact with the intruder aircraft. ADS−B is

intended only to assist in visual acquisition of other

aircraft. No avoidance maneuvers are provided nor

authorized, as a direct result of an ADS−B target

being displayed in the cockpit.