AIM

4/3/14

5−4−50

Arrival Procedures

b. Types of RNP AR Approach Operations

1. RNP Stand

−alone Approach Operations.

RNP AR procedures can provide access to runways

regardless of the ground−based NAVAID

infrastructure, and can be designed to avoid

obstacles, terrain, airspace, or resolve environmental

constraints.

2. RNP Parallel Approach (RPA)

Operations. 

RNP AR procedures can be used for

parallel approaches where the runway separation is

adequate (See FIG 5−4−24). Parallel approach

procedures can be used either simultaneously or as

stand−alone operations. They may be part of either

independent or dependent operations depending on

the ATC ability to provide radar monitoring.

FIG 5

−4−24

3. RNP Parallel Approach Runway

Transitions (RPAT) Operations.

RPAT

approaches begin as a parallel IFR approach

operation using simultaneous independent or

dependent procedures. (See FIG 5−4−25). Visual

separation standards are used in the final segment of

the approach after the final approach fix, to permit the

RPAT aircraft to transition in visual conditions along

a predefined lateral and vertical path to align with the

runway centerline.

FIG 5

−4−25

4. RNP Converging Runway Operations.

At

airports where runways converge, but may or may not

intersect, an RNP AR approach can provide a precise

curved missed approach path that conforms to aircraft

separation minimums for simultaneous operations

(See FIG 5−4−26). By flying this curved missed

approach path with high accuracy and containment

provided by RNP, dual runway operations may

continue to be used to lower ceiling and visibility

values than currently available. This type of

operation allows greater capacity at airports where it

can be applied.

FIG 5

−4−26