12
14 CFR Ch. I (1–1–14 Edition)
§ 1.1
(7) A fixed or ground-adjustable pro-
peller if a powered aircraft other than
a powered glider.
(8) A fixed or feathering propeller
system if a powered glider.
(9) A fixed-pitch, semi-rigid, tee-
tering, two-blade rotor system, if a gy-
roplane.
(10) A nonpressurized cabin, if
equipped with a cabin.
(11) Fixed landing gear, except for an
aircraft intended for operation on
water or a glider.
(12) Fixed or retractable landing
gear, or a hull, for an aircraft intended
for operation on water.
(13) Fixed or retractable landing gear
for a glider.
Lighter-than-air aircraft means air-
craft that can rise and remain sus-
pended by using contained gas weigh-
ing less than the air that is displaced
by the gas.
Load factor means the ratio of a spec-
ified load to the total weight of the air-
craft. The specified load is expressed in
terms of any of the following: aero-
dynamic forces, inertia forces, or
ground or water reactions.
Long-range communication system
(LRCS). A system that uses satellite
relay, data link, high frequency, or an-
other approved communication system
which extends beyond line of sight.
Long-range navigation system (LRNS).
An electronic navigation unit that is
approved for use under instrument
flight rules as a primary means of navi-
gation, and has at least one source of
navigational input, such as inertial
navigation system, global positioning
system, Omega/very low frequency, or
Loran C.
Mach number means the ratio of true
airspeed to the speed of sound.
Main rotor means the rotor that sup-
plies the principal lift to a rotorcraft.
Maintenance means inspection, over-
haul, repair, preservation, and the re-
placement of parts, but excludes pre-
ventive maintenance.
Major alteration means an alteration
not listed in the aircraft, aircraft en-
gine, or propeller specifications—
(1) That might appreciably affect
weight, balance, structural strength,
performance, powerplant operation,
flight characteristics, or other quali-
ties affecting airworthiness; or
(2) That is not done according to ac-
cepted practices or cannot be done by
elementary operations.
Major repair means a repair:
(1) That, if improperly done, might
appreciably affect weight, balance,
structural strength, performance, pow-
erplant operation, flight characteris-
tics, or other qualities affecting air-
worthiness; or
(2) That is not done according to ac-
cepted practices or cannot be done by
elementary operations.
Manifold pressure means absolute
pressure as measured at the appro-
priate point in the induction system
and usually expressed in inches of mer-
cury.
Maximum engine overtorque, as it ap-
plies to turbopropeller and turboshaft
engines incorporating free power tur-
bines for all ratings except one engine
inoperative (OEI) ratings of two min-
utes or less, means the maximum
torque of the free power turbine rotor
assembly, the inadvertent occurrence
of which, for periods of up to 20 sec-
onds, will not require rejection of the
engine from service, or any mainte-
nance action other than to correct the
cause.
Maximum speed for stability char-
acteristics, V
FC
/M
FC
means a speed that
may not be less than a speed midway
between maximum operating limit
speed (V
MO
/M
MO
) and demonstrated
flight diving speed (V
DF
/M
DF
), except
that, for altitudes where the Mach
number is the limiting factor, M
FC
need
not exceed the Mach number at which
effective speed warning occurs.
Medical certificate means acceptable
evidence of physical fitness on a form
prescribed by the Administrator.
Military operations area. A military
operations area (MOA) is airspace es-
tablished outside Class A airspace to
separate or segregate certain nonhaz-
ardous military activities from IFR
Traffic and to identify for VFR traffic
where theses activities are conducted.
V
A
means design maneuvering
speed.
V
B
means design speed for maximum
gust intensity.
V
C
means design cruising speed.
V
D
means design diving speed.
V
DF
/
M
DF
means demonstrated flight
diving speed.
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