721
Federal Aviation Administration, DOT
§ 91.161
(ii) The aircraft is equipped as re-
quired in § 91.205(d).
(c) No person may take off or land an
aircraft (other than a helicopter) under
special VFR—
(1) Unless ground visibility is at least
1 statute mile; or
(2) If ground visibility is not re-
ported, unless flight visibility is at
least 1 statute mile. For the purposes
of this paragraph, the term flight visi-
bility includes the visibility from the
cockpit of an aircraft in takeoff posi-
tion if:
(i) The flight is conducted under this
part 91; and
(ii) The airport at which the aircraft
is located is a satellite airport that
does not have weather reporting capa-
bilities.
(d) The determination of visibility by
a pilot in accordance with paragraph
(c)(2) of this section is not an official
weather report or an official ground
visibility report.
[Amdt. 91–235, 58 FR 51968, Oct. 5, 1993, as
amended by Amdt. 91–247, 60 FR 66874, Dec.
27, 1995; Amdt. 91–262, 65 FR 16116, Mar. 24,
2000]
§ 91.159
VFR cruising altitude or flight
level.
Except while holding in a holding
pattern of 2 minutes or less, or while
turning, each person operating an air-
craft under VFR in level cruising flight
more than 3,000 feet above the surface
shall maintain the appropriate altitude
or flight level prescribed below, unless
otherwise authorized by ATC:
(a) When operating below 18,000 feet
MSL and—
(1) On a magnetic course of zero de-
grees through 179 degrees, any odd
thousand foot MSL altitude +500 feet
(such as 3,500, 5,500, or 7,500); or
(2) On a magnetic course of 180 de-
grees through 359 degrees, any even
thousand foot MSL altitude +500 feet
(such as 4,500, 6,500, or 8,500).
(b) When operating above 18,000 feet
MSL, maintain the altitude or flight
level assigned by ATC.
[Doc. No. 18334, 54 FR 34294, Aug. 18, 1989, as
amended by Amdt. 91–276, 68 FR 61321, Oct.
27, 2003; 68 FR 70133, Dec. 17, 2003]
§ 91.161
Special awareness training re-
quired for pilots flying under visual
flight rules within a 60-nautical
mile radius of the Washington, DC
VOR/DME.
(a)
Operations within a 60-nautical mile
radius of the Washington, DC VOR/DME
under visual flight rules (VFR). Except
as provided under paragraph (e) of this
section, no person may serve as a pilot
in command or as second in command
of an aircraft while flying within a 60-
nautical mile radius of the DCA VOR/
DME, under VFR, unless that pilot has
completed Special Awareness Training
and holds a certificate of training com-
pletion.
(b)
Special Awareness Training. The
Special Awareness Training consists of
information to educate pilots about the
procedures for flying in the Wash-
ington, DC area and, more generally, in
other types of special use airspace.
This free training is available on the
FAA’s Web site. Upon completion of
the training, each person will need to
print out a copy of the certificate of
training completion.
(c)
Inspection of certificate of training
completion. Each person who holds a
certificate for completing the Special
Awareness Training must present it for
inspection upon request from:
(1) An authorized representative of
the FAA;
(2) An authorized representative of
the National Transportation Safety
Board;
(3) Any Federal, State, or local law
enforcement officer; or
(4) An authorized representative of
the Transportation Security Adminis-
tration.
(d)
Emergency declared. The failure to
complete the Special Awareness Train-
ing course on flying in and around the
Washington, DC Metropolitan Area is
not a violation of this section if an
emergency is declared by the pilot, as
described under § 91.3(b), or there was a
failure of two-way radio communica-
tions when operating under IFR as de-
scribed under § 91.185.
(e)
Exceptions. The requirements of
this section do not apply if the flight is
being performed in an aircraft of an air
ambulance operator certificated to
conduct part 135 operations under this
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